tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2061034456830513002024-03-14T01:33:17.279-07:00Reflective essay topics ideasLorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.comBlogger245125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-33831687136012745182020-08-27T17:54:00.001-07:002020-08-27T17:54:05.137-07:00How Technology Has Changed World Culture EssaysHow Technology Has Changed World Culture Essays How Technology Has Changed World Culture Essay How Technology Has Changed World Culture Essay Name: Course: Speaker: Date: How Technology Has Changed World Culture In the times past, things like the web and the PCs were not yet created. Individuals never used to look for data in the web or convey utilizing the web. Around then, societies of the individuals were very unique. The various ethics of the way of life that were there were very held and great. After innovation was developed, the various societies changed continuously. The new ages that are coming have new societies, which they have obtained from the web. It is consistent with state that innovation has come to change the way of life of the various social orders on the planet. In the business world, the way of life of working together in the former times was altogether different. Organizations used to play out their exercises up close and personal. This implied the purchaser and the dealer needed to meet, arrange, and make a business bargain. Moreover, a lot of organizations had not yet gone worldwide. Then again, after the presentation of innovation on the planet, the business culture changed. It isn't vital for individuals to meet eye to eye with the end goal for them to lead any business bargains. At present, individuals are utilizing the web to convey and make business bargains. Also, a lot of organizations have gotten worldwide and they are utilizing the web to advertise their organizations and discuss abroad with the various customers. In this way, the business culture has changed significantly when contrasted with the old business culture before the innovation of PCs and the web was presented. In the ethical setting of the general public, the way of life of the various social orders were saved. Individuals were extremely good and they acted as per the setting of the general public. Kids were not presented to a great deal of data therefore it was exceptionally simple for the guardians to keep up the ethics of their kids. Be that as it may, after the presentation of the new innovation, the PCs and the web specifically, youngsters have begun getting improper. In the web, there is a great deal of data where some of it is excellent while a portion of the data isn't acceptable. For example, sex entertainment has influenced the brains of the kids since it is effectively available in the web. This has prompted the unethical behavior that is seen among our societies in the ongoing occasions that we are living in. Accordingly, the PCs and web have changed the ethical quality from great ethics found in the bygone societies to the shameless societies experienced in the cutting edge lo ng periods of innovation. In the days of yore, individuals used to convey to each other with letters. Particularly in the realm of adoration, there was a great deal of innovativeness recorded as a hard copy these letters. Around then, the affection culture was extremely imaginative in the manner individuals used to show it in the various letters. For example, individuals used to have innovative love sonnets about there friends and family that were composed utilizing a personââ¬â¢s own unique data. In any case, as of late after the presentation of the innovation, the way of life of inventiveness in the various individuals has been lost. Individuals are not, at this point imaginative any longer due to the web. It is basic since individuals just need to reorder an adoration letter from the web and send it to their friends and family. This has prompted the passing of the way of life of innovativeness that was there in the days of yore. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-80605145260126095452020-08-22T12:43:00.001-07:002020-08-22T12:43:31.446-07:00Best Place To LiveWhere is the best spot to grow up and why? We can without much of a stretch become one-sided and enduringly think the U. S. , however what do we truly think about various nations and their societies, or how they influence us formatively? There are numerous variables to think about, for example, future, way of life, and instruction. That is the reason Sweden is positioned number one on the Childrenââ¬â¢s Index positioning, making the nation the best spot to grow up! Kids in Sweden are among the couple of on the planet who are sheltered from maltreatment as they are all around shielded by the law from slapping, smacking, squeezing, hair-pulling, whipping, or any type of abuse.It is viewed as a criminal offense to beat a youngster. By examination, in the United States alone, when a kid is 2 years of age, nine of every ten guardians have occupied with a type of misuse and the greater part of guardians have slapped or hit their youngsters and 33% of guardians have pushed, snatched or p ushed their kids (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2011). These types of misuse greatly affect youngsters as manhandled kids show a high occurrence of individual and social issues, low execution levels in school and low self-esteem.Typically, mishandled kids are less connected to their folks, less personal with companions, will in general pull back and have the propensities to turn out to be progressively forceful and furious (Moylan et al. , 2010). Later on, they are at a more serious hazard for misconduct, hazardous sexual conduct and substance misuse (Sousa et al. , 2011). Swedish law guarantees that youngsters are secured and their privileges are shielded. These laws help to limit and abatement the quantity of mishandled youngsters, securing them genuinely, however intellectually and formatively. Sweden utilizes a portion of its duty cash to ensure kids are taken care of properly.As with most families, the two guardians work and youngsters are in day care. In Sweden, day care is free and each arrangement of guardians get 480 days of paid parental leave per youngster to remain at home with their kids until the age of 8! This offers a two-overlap advantage for the two guardians and kids. Studies have announced a few positive parts of day care. A few investigations show that youngsters in day care are increasingly social, will in general offer their toys, show fearlessness and are all the more friendly. Results additionally reason that youngsters in day care score higher in subjective abilities than the individuals who are at home.(Belsky et al. ,2007).There are a few restrictions inside these contextual analyses yet the reality remains that numerous families need to put their kids in day care which can be expensive. Giving paid parental leave likewise offers guardians the chance to remain at home with their kids to proceed with the passionate bond while setting up secure connection. Most parental leave is taken by moms, however fathers are investi ng an expanding measure of energy at home with their youngsters. The more delicate the dad is to the youngster, the more grounded the connection. (Lucassen et al. , 2011).From preschool onwards, youngsters are urged to think autonomously and the Swedish convention of preschool underscores the significance of play in a childââ¬â¢s improvement and learning. At preschool the accentuation is on play. In numerous nations, including the US and the UK, there is a drive towards defining objectives and evaluating the advancement of preschoolers however the Swedish framework concentrates more on fundamental qualities, for example, playing together and thought for other people. Play assists youngsters with creating engine abilities and coordination. It additionally adds to social improvement as youngsters figure out how to share, alternate, and start to take part in innovative play.Piaget distinguished various types of play, portrayed by psychological unpredictability to incorporate utilita rian play, representative play, productive play, and formal games (Rathus, 162). The preschool in Sweden holds to play in instruction as well as to dream and inventiveness. The nature of imagine play is associated with preschoolersââ¬â¢ scholastic execution later on, and their social abilities (Russ, 2006 Stagnitti st al. , 2000). Exercise is imperative to a childââ¬â¢s improvement and decreases the danger of coronary illness, stroke and diabetes.Physically dynamic youngsters have a superior confidence and ways of dealing with stress yet most kids in the U. S. are not truly fit. Staying in shape and getting a charge out of nature are a lot of part of Swedish culture and schools shut for a weekââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"sports vacationâ⬠in February every year, when numerous families head north to ski as youngsters play outside at each chance, even in the profundities of winter. Youngsters being ensure, getting a charge out of good wellbeing, free training, and a functioning public activity add to Sweden completing first in The Childrenââ¬â¢sââ¬â¢ Well-Being Index and persuade me that Sweden is the best spot to grow up. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-39262222277255844152020-08-21T10:25:00.001-07:002020-08-21T10:25:11.460-07:00How to Write a Synthesis PaperHow to Write a Synthesis PaperThere are several elements that will need to be considered when it comes to how to write a synthesis paper. The first thing that needs to be remembered is that the student will need to choose a topic that is not only interesting but also will be academically interesting. Once this is done, the student should keep in mind the objective of the paper. The paper should, of course, be well written and should be based on logical thinking.Writing down a topic for the first time can be daunting. It is very important that the student should ensure that the topic that is chosen is also logical. The paper will need to be well written and also cover several points.The subject of the paper should also be related to the area of study as well as should be a literature review. In this way, the student will be able to establish how to write a synthesis paper without needing to do a lot of reading. After all, the subject of the paper must have sufficient relevance to the study of the student. The concepts will need to be discussed in a concise manner so that the student will be able to use the ideas in the future.A topic that is the usual one does not have to be a novel one. As long as the topic is an interesting one, it will be a good idea to pick the appropriate topic for writing a synthesis paper. The topic must also be simple and can be something like:In other words, the topic that was chosen can be about a person who is at a high school or college. This topic can also be about the facts about the course that the student is in. This way, the student will be able to focus more on the practical application of the study material.The next step in writing a paper is to prepare the paper for submission. The student will need to create the outline and will need to write the introduction and body of the paper. The preparation process will also need to be able to include topics that will be relevant to the paper.After this step, the student needs to writ e a review of the subject of the paper. This will include putting into consideration the points that were discussed in the thesis statement. Some of the points that will need to be considered include the reason for the research, the purpose of the paper, the general conclusion and the plans for the future.Writing a synthesis is very important for those who are a part of research teams. The goal of the paper will not be to discuss the case that was studied but to draw conclusions that relate to the topic of the case. The process of writing a synthesis paper is very easy when the proper steps are taken. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-85866547811794355692020-05-26T01:16:00.001-07:002020-05-26T01:16:05.399-07:00Who Am I, Hedwig - 1291 Words Who am I, Hedwig? ââ¬â A Puzzling Question Indeed Who are you? The simple question that every icebreaker we play during the first week of school is essentially probing at. But is it really that simple? Most of us answer by saying our name, age, where we come from, maybe even what we like, but do those details really characterize who we are? Do they outline our ââ¬Å"identityâ⬠? Identity is how we perceive ourselves and what others believe us to be. It involves a set of characteristics that locates us in particular groups, societies, and so forth. These features are the foundations of our identity, but in order to truly develop a sense of identity, it is essential to have a sense of self-awareness. Identity is socially constructed, in a way that once an individual assumes a particular identity, they acquire and exhibit specific social characteristics. Thus once one understands that ââ¬Å"who we areâ⬠is fashioned by society, they can come to terms with the notion that how we view ourselves and how others see us is not sta tic. Society has formulated a definition for identity and yet it does not take into account the different positions on identity and how it may relate to gender. My standpoint in regards to gender is largely shaped by my social identities, which include my racial and ethnic background, my sexual identity, and my age. These factors, along with my background and personal experiences, define who I am and how I wish the world to see me. Racial and ethnic backgrounds play greatShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Gender Identity1719 Words à |à 7 Pagesdistinctions are still only thought of in terms of homo and heterosexual nature. People who move fluidly along this spectrum, specifically transsexuals, are not given the same type of validation and community as other respective groups (gay and lesbian communities). This can cause confusion and emotional unrest for transgenders, as not being able to fit into the social norms is detrimental to oneââ¬â¢s sense of self. Hedwig and the Angry Inch shows this inner and outer battle, and helps to foster a solutionRead MoreThe Concert At The Athenaeum Theatre860 Words à |à 4 Pages The live performance that I attended was called Circling the Square. The performance consisted of two pieces the first called Trio M and the Second called ASCENDance. The choreographer for these pieces was Jan Bartoszek a highly skilled choreographer who ââ¬Å"has choreographed more than 65 dances in her artistic career.â⬠The company that performed the pieces was Hedwig Dances a local Chicago based Dance Company. The performance was held at the Athenaeum Theatre in Chicago from April 8th to AprilRead MoreHarry Potter - Original Writing1045 Words à |à 5 Pagesassurance; love. The condemnation bounced back,and Voldemort stopped to exist in physical structure, while Lily was slaughtered in the process, and Harry was left totally unharmed except for a helping moulded scar on his brow, making him The Boy Who Lived . Harry was then gathered by Rubeus Hagrid, and they headed out to Surrey, where they met Albus Dumbledore and Minerva McGonagall. They cleared out Harry on the do orstep of Lily s mugger sister (Petunia s) home with a letter clarifying whatRead MoreBiography of Hedy Lamarr1684 Words à |à 7 Pageswhich describes a basic background of that time period, According to the article hedylamarr.org which said that after the World War II, Hedy Lamarr who wanted to make a greater contribution to the design of the control of torpedoes. Because radio control guidance system is too vulnerable to be damaged, so it is never be produced at that time. After I read an article which mainly discuss the culture background at that time, the article is ââ¬Å"Most Beautiful Woman By Day, Inventor By Nightâ⬠written byRead MoreEssay about J.K. Rowlings Harry Potter2471 Words à |à 10 PagesHarry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone in 1997, I refused to read the books because I am not into fantasy and magic. However, as a student at Goshen College I was required to read the first book for Childrens Literature. The first 100 pages were a struggle to get through, but the longer I read, the more I wanted to know about Harry. After finishing the first book, I realized that I needed to read the other books. I was hooked into the madness and I have been reading and rereading the first fourRead MoreIbsen11859 Words à |à 48 Pagesthat Heddaââ¬â¢s father leaves a domineering and multifaceted legacy (3). Ibsenââ¬â¢s character of Nora is also influenced by a paternal relationship. Nora feels transferred from the home of her father in to marriage. Nora exclaims to husband Torvald: ââ¬Å"I mean, then I went from Papaââ¬â¢s hands into yours . . . itââ¬â¢s a great sin what you and Papa did to meâ⬠(Ibsen, Four Major Plays: Volume 1 109). The character of Hedvig in The Wild Duck is also a victim of an overly domineering father figure that defines this characterââ¬â¢sRead MoreHistory of Transgender9448 Words à |à 38 Pages 2 Introduction: The development of gender as we know it How does history relate to us? 3 From a one-gender system to a two-gender system, and on to ââ¬Ëthird sexââ¬â¢ categories. 3 Some specifics of gender transitions. 5 Part I: Sexology begins. Transgender Identities before the 19th century 7 The early 19th century: Enters forensic psychiatry 7 The late nineteenth century: Inverts turn to Experts. Enters sexology and the empirical case history. 8 Part II: Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-7943727689453159962020-05-15T07:52:00.001-07:002020-05-15T07:52:03.862-07:00Discover the Mysterious Shakespeare Lost Years What are the Shakespeare lost years? Well, scholars have managed to piece together Shakespeareââ¬â¢s biography from the scant documentary evidence that has survived from Shakespeareââ¬â¢s time. Baptisms, marriages, and legal dealings provide concrete evidence about Shakespeareââ¬â¢s whereaboutsââ¬âbut there are two big gaps in the story which have become known as the Shakespeare lost years. The Lost Years The two periods of time that make up the Shakespeare lost years are: 1578ââ¬â1582: We know little about Shakespeareââ¬â¢s life after he left grammar school and his marriage to Anne Hathaway in 1582.1585-1592: After the baptism of his children, Shakespeare again disappears from the history books for several years until he resurfaces in the early 1590s as a London-based playwright. It is this second ââ¬Å"bout of absenceâ⬠that intrigues historians the most because it is during this period that Shakespeare would have perfected his craft, established himself as a dramatist and gained experience of the theater. In truth, nobody actually knows what Shakespeare was doing between 1585 and 1592, but there are a number of popular theories and stories, as outlined below. Shakespeare the Poacher In 1616, a clergyman from Gloucester recounted a story in which the young Shakespeare was caught poaching near Stratford-upon-Avon on the land of Sir Thomas Lucy. Although there is no concrete evidence, it is suggested that Shakespeare fled to London to escape Lucyââ¬â¢s punishment. It is also suggested that Shakespeare later based Justice Shallow from The Merry Wives of Windsor on Lucy. Shakespeare the Pilgrim Evidence has recently been presented that Shakespeare may have made a pilgrimage to Rome as part of his Roman Catholic faith. There is certainly lots of evidence to suggest that Shakespeare was Catholicââ¬âwhich was a very dangerous religion to practice in Elizabethan England. A 16th-century guest book signed by pilgrims to Rome reveals three cryptic signatures thought to be Shakespeareââ¬â¢s. This has led some to believe Shakespeare spent his lost years in Italyââ¬âperhaps seeking refuge from Englandââ¬â¢s persecution of Catholics at the time. Indeed, it is true that 14 of Shakespeareââ¬â¢s plays have Italian settings. The parchment was signed by: ââ¬Å"Gulielmus Clerkue Stratfordiensisâ⬠in 1589Believed to mean ââ¬Å"William, clerk of Stratfordâ⬠ââ¬Å"Shfordus Cestriensisâ⬠in 1587Believed to mean ââ¬Å"Shakespeare of Stratford in the diocese of Chesterâ⬠ââ¬Å"Arthurus Stratfordus Wigomniensisâ⬠in 1585Believed to mean: ââ¬Å"(King) Arthurs compatriot from Stratford in the diocese of Worcesterâ⬠Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-28958741872788985732020-05-06T16:19:00.001-07:002020-05-06T16:19:32.416-07:00Who is a Good Mother - 812 Words A mother is most commonly defined as a woman who has raised a child or given birth to a child, but what makes one a good mother? Some people believe that a good mother never has a dirty home, always has a four course meal at dinner time, and never gets frustrated or angry. Some mothers can juggle it all, a clean house every day, delicious dinners every evening, and maybe even never having a meltdown. With working or single mothers those tasks can be challenging, and just because a mother can accomplish such everyday tasks does not necessarily make her a good mother. How a mother deals with the everyday stresses of motherhood, how she provides unconditional love, and how she supports her child, is what qualifies one to be a good mother. Being a good mother is a choice a woman makes every day to put her childââ¬â¢s happiness and well-being above her own. She gives her all for her children, she provides unconditional love, support, and does her very best to lead by example. Loving your children unconditionally means, that a mother accepts her children completely and without conditions no matter what her agenda for the child may be. It means, she loves and accepts her child ââ¬Å"as isâ⬠. She does not make her child ever feel like her love is conditional. She makes sure her child knows that they do not have to be anything other than what they are to be loved. She encourages her children to be to best that they can be. She loves her children unconditionally meaning, even if her child makesShow MoreRelatedBeloved Essay1050 Words à |à 5 Pagesbad and good side of a person shows the aspect on human natures identity. A mother is defined as, ââ¬Å" a women who raises and nurtures a childâ⬠, but what really is a good or bad mother. A mother is supposed to be there every step of the way with her child. She would not want her precious baby to get hurt otherwise, and would want her baby to be like herself. A bad mother can be ridiculed as a lazy mot her who doesnt want to do anything with her child. Mostly the opposite from a good mother. Toni MorrisonRead MoreThe Dissimilarity Between Working Mother And Stay Home Mother1487 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Å"The Dissimilarity between Working Mother and stay home Motherâ⬠During the early years of the 1900ââ¬â¢s most women were not allowed to work, they also did not have any rights to vote. All the women during these times could only stay inside the house and take care of the familial duties and chores. Women were primarily cooking meals, cleaning inside the house, and also taking care of their own child. On the other hand, most of the men were kings in the household who were in charge as they are the mainRead MoreGirl By Jamaica Kincaid : What A Good Mother Is953 Words à |à 4 Pages When you shoulder your obligations it shows that you are a mature minded person, and responsible. In the short story Girl by Jamaica Kincaid shows what a good mother is. The Lottery by Shirley Jackson shows what a bad mother in Tessie Hutchinson putting her kids in the line of fire first. In my experience growing up with a single mother, I had to have a little more responsibilities in the house, which shows that I am mature. In both the stories and my personal experience all have responsibilitiesRead MoreGood For Her, Not Me, By Amy Poehler1570 Words à |à 7 Pagesââ¬Å"Good for her, not me. That is the motto women should constantly repeat over and over again. Good for her, not me,â⬠(Poehler 32). This line from Amy Poehlerââ¬â¢s new memoir, Yes Please, is reminding women to take a step back from the so called ââ¬Å"Mommy Warsâ⬠and remember that not everything is a competition-- one style of parenting may be good for ââ¬Å"herâ⬠, but not for ââ¬Å"meâ⬠. The idea that women need to be reminded of this is a little ridiculous, but then again the concept of mother-versus-mother warfareRead MoreThe Portrait Of Marie Antoinette863 Words à |à 4 PagesFrance. Itââ¬â¢s a portrait of a French queen who is Marie Antoinette along with her children as a good mother to her children, but there is no sign of the father in the portrait. The portrait is a loving mother of four children, but only three are shown in the p ortrait because of the children deceased. Also I see the portrait of a single mother who is a loving mother who love her children daily and have a space of emptiness because of the loss of her child who processed into his death at 11 months oldRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy : A Serious Problem1690 Words à |à 7 Pagesfail due to excessive absences related to health issues. Once the child is born some teenage mothers do not have time to complete homework assignments because they are too tired after seeing to their childââ¬â¢s needs. Teenage pregnancy is an important social issue because becoming a mother at such a young age, the risk of social and economic disadvantage tends to be greater. The majority of teenage mothers come from very low income families and in the communities in which they live in they are surroundedRead MoreJust One More Push, Words New Mothers Can Remember Vividly.1174 Words à |à 5 PagesJust one more push, words new mothers can remember vividly. That final push and they finally meet their new baby. This is when mothers get the first look from their new home invader, the realization that this tiny human is theirs. Now, the new pressures of the world begin to come in right away. Lactation consultants come in pushing breastfeeding upon the new mom, explaining how it is so much better. The judgements overflow as the new mom decides to formula feed. Day one of motherhood and alreadyRead More`` Two Kinds By Amy Tan1460 Words à |à 6 Pageswith the narrator and her mother, for control over t he narratorââ¬â¢s life. Her mother wanted her to become a prodigy, but she wanted to be anything other than that. So, throughout the short story ââ¬Å"Two Kindsâ⬠sheââ¬â¢s determined to not quit the fight. ââ¬Å"Two Kindsâ⬠is filled with different forms of conflict which allows for the narrator to realize that her motherââ¬â¢s crazy antics were to help her find what she was good at. Which leads to the narrator facing twoness until her mother is no longer à à à à à à à TwonessRead MoreComparative Analysis Of Cinderell Not So Morally Superior, By Elisabeth Panttaja1530 Words à |à 7 Pagestales Cinderella loses her mother and often her father too. This has a tremendous effect on the young girlââ¬â¢s self-worth. However, other complex relationships are also revealed, including the mother/daughter relationship. Similarly, the text ââ¬Å"Cinderella: Not So Morally Superior,â⬠by Elisabeth Panttaja, discusses the influences of Cinderellaââ¬â¢s mother. These sources are worth exploring because they demonstrate how a womanââ¬â¢s self-worth is shaped by her relationship with her mother. The opening song forRead MoreA Gift for My Mother627 Words à |à 3 PagesA Gift for My Mother ââ¬Å"A Gift for My Motherâ⬠is written by Viv McDade in 2011. It is about a family, which consists of the parents and their daughter, Lucy, who live in South Africa. The family has to work hard to earn money to survive. Lucy tries to help them by selling flowers to people. Lucy is the first-person narrator. The year the story takes place; the narrator turned ten years old. We read the short story from her viewpoint, for example on page 8, on the first line: ââ¬Å"In the year I turned Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-24899306413016002522020-05-05T19:05:00.001-07:002020-05-05T19:05:14.157-07:00Cather rye Essay Example For Students Cather rye Essay Stradlater said, but I knew he probably wouldnt Ask her if she still keeps all her kings in the back row. Okay, Stradlater said, but I knew he wouldnt. (p.33-34) This is seen again when he doesnt trust Stradlater to stop his advances of Jane in the case that she says no. Holden gives up his faith in people to trust him when he boards a bus holding a snowball. The driver refuses to believe that Holden wont throw the snowball so he draws the conclusion that People never believe you. (p.37). He is also always placing labels upon people as being phonies which gives the reader the idea that Holden thinks that others are materialistic. Holdens attempts to protect the innocence in the world is another early sign of his deteriorating state. When Holden goes to Pheobes school to deliver his note he sees some swearing of the wall which he says drove me damn near crazy (p.201). He wipes the words from the wall in an attempt to prevent the inevitable from occuring, leading the reader to believe that he may experience some mental unstability in the future. Eventually he comes to the realization that he cant rub all the profanity away himself. Another example of Holdens attempt to shelter innocence is the fact that he never does call Jane, possibly for fear that she will scar his memories of her as an innocent child. The title of this novel presents this theme to the reader in that Holden wants to be the catcher in the rye (p. ) so he can catch all of the children that sway to close to the edge of a cliff in thier play. Perhaps the most obvious example of foreshadowing in the novel occurs when his parents come close to having him phsycoanalyzed and all (p.39) when he breaks all the windows in the garage. Throughout the novel he refers to himself as a madman (p.79) which gives the reader the idea that he sees himself as having a sort of mental problem. These two peices of evidence alone present a fairly firm idea of what will happen to Holden towards the end of the story. The Bibliography:klkklk Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-82932267181181544052020-04-12T21:53:00.001-07:002020-04-12T21:53:02.498-07:00Energy Drinks Essay Essay ExampleEnergy Drinks Essay Essay The usage of energy drinks in the United States has increased more than the controversial ingestion of regular sodium carbonates. Harmonizing to Coca-Cola executives. net incomes from energy merchandises since 2005 through 2008 will number $ 540 million. compared with $ 210 million for regular soft drinks. $ 130 million for bottled H2O and $ 290 million for athleticss drinks ( Warner ) . So what is it about this drinks that make them more popular than our pure and critical H2O? The reply is really simple ; our feverish life styles. Todayââ¬â¢s society is filled with exhaustion and high emphasis degrees ; many people rely on energy drinks to give them that 2nd air current. which helps them remain awake through a trial. and even resuscitate them for a party. Harmonizing to Simmons Research. 31 per centum of adolescents in the United States say they drink energy drinks on a regular footing. Peoples use energy drinks to hike their energy so they can be able to execute better. but because energy drinks contain ingredients that harm the human organic structure they should be banned all over the universe. We will write a custom essay sample on Energy Drinks Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Energy Drinks Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Energy Drinks Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There are some factors that increase the popularity of energy drinks. For illustration the easy to catch construction in which they are packed. The little container makes it speedy to imbibe down. and the smaller graduated table gives the feeling that the contents are more concentrated. which attracts the consumer even more. The colour of the energy drinks is another ground for their popularity ; a combination of bright and graphic colourss such as acidic leafy vegetables and yellows. black and ruddy suggest a sense of energy and high public presentation. The enigma spirit in energy drinks is another ground why these drinks are consumed in surplus. Compared to a typical juice offering. there is small or nil about energy drink packaging to state the consumer what the merchandise tastes like. Alternatively. the in writing accent is more on the consumerââ¬â¢s esthesias and attitude than spirit or thirst ( Patterns ) . It is hapless to see how large companies and makers of these merchandises use the ignorance and deficiency of cognition of people to do a net income. Unfortunately we can non victimise ourselves and fault everything on them. We are responsible for what we do and I believe that we should make some research before we buy a merchandise that is evidently non natural at all. Energy drinks are made up of caffeine. taurine. guarana. ginseng. gingko. ephedrine. B vitamins and many other sugars. Caffeine is one of the most active ingredients in energy drinks ; it is a psychotropic substance found in the beans. foliages and fruit of over 60 workss ; it stimulates the nervous and cardiovascular system. Taurine is an amino acid that our organic structure of course produces. but in energy drinks the taurine is a man-made component. It helps modulate pulse. musculus contractions. and energy degrees. Normally our organic structure makes plenty so that we donââ¬â¢t need to supplement. Guarana is derived from South America workss and it contains about three times more caffeine than java beans. It stimulates the cardinal nervous system. cardiac musculus. every bit good as the respitarory system. B vitamins aid change over sugar to energy. Ginseng is an herbal stimulation used to bring around. from emphasis to hapless memory to diabetes. Gingko is another herbal stimulation that is used to handle memory loss. concerns. pealing in the ears and depression. Ephedrine is a stimulation. used as a decongestant in interventions of asthma. The chemical construction is similar to pep pills and Methedrines. This stimulation is found in weight loss pills. it speeds up metamorphosis by doing energy that is acquired from nutrient to fire faster. These ingredients do non sound harmful at all. Many of them are natural and even good for our wellness. So why have energy drinks been banned in a few states? Lashkar-e-taibas me now introduce to you the negative sides of all these ingredients. Harmonizing to Roland Griffiths. a professor in behavioural biological science. the sum of caffeine that is necessary to bring forth dependence and backdown symptoms is about 100 mgs a twenty-four hours. A can of energy drink has 80 to 160 mgs ( Warner ) . Some of the side effects that the usage of caffeine creates are dependence. diarrhoea. voluminous micturition and concerns. It besides increases the bosom rate. blood flow. respiratory rate. and metabolic rate for several hours. Caffeine causes anxiousness. crossness. high sensitiveness to resound. and self-mutilations. There are four caffeine-induced psychiatric upsets recognized by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fourth Edition: caffeine-induce anxiousness upset. caffeine-induced sleep upset. and caffeine-related upset non otherwise specified ( NOS ) . Caffeine is besides associated with a high hazard of developing Parkinsonââ¬â¢s disease in work forces. The side-effects that taurine causes are about the same as caffeine. but many people claim that it kills your bosom. since it is found in the cardinal nervous system. skeletal and is more to a great extent concentrated in bosom tissues and the encephalon. Taurine found in energy drinks is a man-made vitamin that does non execute the same maps in the human organic structure as vitamins found of course in whole nutrient foods would. These vitamins really deplete the organic structure of other foods. and pull your kidneys before being excreted through the piss. The side effects of Ginseng are nervousness. insomnia. and diarrhoea. The effects of gingko are restlessness. disquieted tummy. diarrhoea. and purging. A soft drink normally has 19 to 25 gms of sugar in each eight-ounce helping. Energy drinks on mean contain more than this. Red Bull. for illustration. contains 27 gms of sugar per helping of 250 millilitres ( a little over eight ounces ) . This can be really unsafe. for an overload of sugar can take to stomachic voidance. This frequently consequences in sickness and emesis. As it was stated above each of the ingredients that a energy drink contain have several and powerful side effects when taken individually. conceive of how unsafe they be can when taken all at the same clip. Peoples are utilizing energy drinks as an surrogate for proper remainder. nutrition. and exercising like the spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association. Roberta Anding said ( Ellis ) . Many wellness jobs can develop from the deficiency of proper remainder like a weakened immune system. depression. high blood force per unit area. fleshiness. and diabetes. The best replacement of energy drinks is H2O. Our organic structure is 55 to 75 per centum made out of H2O and its benefits are infinite. Water improves energy. additions mental and physical public presentation. removes toxins and waste merchandises from the organic structure. keeps the tegument healthy and glowing. helps to lose weight. reduces concerns and giddiness. helps digestion. helps the bosom work better. reduces emphasis. and prevents urinary piece of land infections by blushing out drosss from the organic structure. Many people that do non like to imbibe H2O can replace the energy drinks with natural juices such as orange which are 87 percent H2O or by eating Cucumis sativuss which are 95 percent H2O. Milk is another liquid that can replace energy drinks. Milk is our first beginning of nutrition when we are born ; we are fed with this liquid before he can digest other nutrient. Milk is made out of concentrated fat. protein. Ca and vitamin C. Saturated fat provides the edifice blocks for cell membranes and it besides acts as a bearer for vitamins A. D. E and K. This fat makes the lungs healthier. prevents stroke. and protects kidneys from diseases. Calcium makes up 70 per centum of the bone weight and gives it strength and rigidness. Vitamin C helps the organic structure produce a basic constituent of connective tissues called collagen. Collagen is an of import component in the blood vas walls. gums. and castanetss. Vitamin C maps as an antioxidant. it helps hike immune map protects against malignant neoplastic disease. cataracts. impairment of the retina. and other chronic diseases. Nowadays we live in a society that is ever on the spell and we are ever looking for ways to acquire more energy to be able to acquire through school. work or any other responsibilities that we may hold. But seting our lives in danger by devouring energy drinks is non deserving it. The authorities should decidedly make something about it alternatively of allowing some people get rich by the ignorance and deficiency of cognition of most of the people that consume these harmful drinks. Works Cited Clayton. Lawrence. Amphetamines and Other Stimulations. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group. Inc. . 1998. Ellis. Steven. Energy drinks bubble up. The Christian Science Monitor. 7 June 2007. 20 November 2007 Goldish. Meish. The Dangers of Herbal Stimulants. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group. Inc. . 1998. Gustafson. C. J. The Health Benefits Of Drinking Water. 2005. 22 November 2007 Warner. Melanie. ââ¬Å"A Jolt of Caffeine. by the Can. â⬠New York Times 23 Nov. 2005. 20 November 2007. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-49879114502297950912020-03-11T03:02:00.001-07:002020-03-11T03:02:03.530-07:00Occupational Safety and Health Administration EssaysOccupational Safety and Health Administration Essays Occupational Safety and Health Administration Essay Occupational Safety and Health Administration Essay On December 29. 1970 Congress passed the Occupational Safety and Health Act. The intent of this act as quoted from the act itself is: To assure safe and healthful on the job conditions for working work forces and adult females ; by authorising enforcement of the criterions developed under the Act ; by helping and promoting the States in their attempts to guarantee safe and healthful on the job conditions ; by supplying for research. information. instruction. and preparation in the field of occupational safety and wellness ; and for other intents. This act requires employers to supply workplaces that are free from serious recognized jeopardies and to follow with occupational safety and wellness criterions. The mission of OSHA is to salvage lives. prevent hurts. and protect the wellness of Americaââ¬â¢s workers. Since 1970 OSHA has grown to over 1. 130 inspectors in provinces under federal OSHA legal power. Personnel besides includes research workers. applied scientists. doctors. p edagogues. criterions authors and other support forces spread over more than 200 offices throughout the state ( OSHA FAQ ) . Since 1970 workplace human deaths have been reduced by half. Even with this diminution 14 Americans are killed on the occupation every individual twenty-four hours of the twelvemonth. In add-on. 10s of 1000s die every twelvemonth from workplace disease and over 4. 6 million workers are earnestly injured on the occupation ( OSHA FAQ ) . The Department of Labor which conducts the OSHA reviews wants workers to experience safe on the occupation. Workers have rights that include the right to bespeak an review. hold a representative nowadays at the review. have unsafe substances identified. be informed about exposure to jeopardies. and have employer misdemeanors posted at the worksite ( OSH Act ) . In subdivision 5 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 there is a set of responsibilities that employers and employees are supposed to follow in order to be best assisted by OSHA. This General Duty Clause provinces: ( a ) Each employer ââ¬â ( 1 ) shall supply to each of his employees employment and a topographic point of employment which are free from recognized jeopardies that are doing or are likely to do decease or serious physical injury to his employees ; ( 2 ) shall follow with occupational safety and wellness criterions promulgated under this Act. ( B ) Each employee shall follow with occupational safety and wellness criterions and all regulations. ordinances. and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his ain actions and behavior. In subdivision 8 of the OSH Act sing Inspections and Probes it states: ( a ) In order to transport out the intents of this Act. the Secretary. upon appropriate certificates to the proprietor. operator or agent in charge is authorized- ( 1 ) to come in without hold and at sensible times any mill. works constitution. building site or other country. workplace or environment where work is performed by an employee of an employer ; and ( 2 ) to inspect and look into during regular on the job hours and at other sensible times. and within sensible bounds and in a sensible mode. any such topographic point of employment and all pertinent conditions. constructions. machines. setup. devices. equipment. and stuffs therein. and to oppugn in private any such employer. proprietor operator. agent or employee. In Marshall v. Barlowââ¬â¢s Inc. . 436 U. S. 307 ( 1978 ) . this instance involved the constitutionality of a proviso in the Occupational Safety and Health Act that permitted inspectors to come in premises without a warrant to inspect for safety jeopardies and misdemeanor of OSHA ordinances. The Court held that this proviso violated the Fourth Amendment. In The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. commentary is given on this instance. One issue in the instance was whether a warrant was required. The Court had antecedently held that no warrant was required to inspect either the premises of a spirits licensee or a accredited gun dealerââ¬â¢s storage room. Distinguishing these earlier instances because each concerned a closely regulated industry. the Court in Barlowââ¬â¢s concluded that necessitating warrants in the OSHA context would non impose serious loads on the review system or the courts ( p. 316 ) . As for the evidences to obtain an review warrant. Barlowââ¬â¢s follows the regulation in Camara v. Municipal Court ( 1967 ) that traditional likely cause is unneeded if the governments can demo that the review conforms to reasonable legislative or administrative standards ( p. 538 ) . So. the Court in Barlowââ¬â¢s concluded that a warrant showing that a particular concern has been chosen for an OSHA hunt on the footing of a general administrative program for the enforcement of the Act derived from impersonal sources ( p. 321 ) would be sufficient. because it would guarantee against arbitrary choice of employers. Marshall v. Barlow did small to alter the frequence and effectivity of OSHA reviews. First. OSHA ordinances apply to 1000000s of concerns and are enforced by merely 1. 130 inspectors. Obvious rules of good direction would direct these inspectors to concerns that justified to hold an review based on accident history and the figure of employee ailments. OSHAââ¬â¢s directors had already been utilizing this type of program prior to the Barlow review since Barlowââ¬â¢s Inc. was selected for an review based on its accident history. In the AEI Journal on Government and Society . we are given insight on how the Barlow determination protected concern. yet still allowed OSHA inspectors to obtain Ex Parte warrants. Barlow left open the inquiry whether judicial orders for reviews routinely sought under the secretaryââ¬â¢s bing ordinances when employers refuse entry are the functional equivalent of warrants and therefore fulfill the Fourth Amendment ( 6 ) . When OSHAââ¬â¢s inspectors conduct condemnable probes with the aid of a U. S. lawyer. they may obtain warrants by telephone pursuant to Govern 41 ( degree Celsius ) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure ( 7 ) . The Barlow determination made the point of stating that if the intent of an OSHA hunt is to obtain grounds of offense instead than civil misdemeanors ; likely cause that condemnable behavior has occurred must be shown to warrant a warrant. OSHA Instruction STP 2. 18 reiterates that the Supreme Court held that the Fourth Amendment requires a warrant for a nonconsensual OSHA review. However. the Court recognized the importance of surprise in the behavior of reviews ( as reflected in the Actââ¬â¢s general prohibition against progress notice of an review ) . in forestalling the rapid change or camouflage of misdemeanors so that they escape the inspectorââ¬â¢s notice . The direction goes on to state that: The Court explicitly noted the Secretary of Laborââ¬â¢s authorization to proclaim a ordinance under which warrants could be sought antique parte ; i. e. . without the cognition or engagement of the employer. Such warrants might be sought after refusal of an employer to allow entry for an review or. in some instances. prior to any effort to derive entry. This process has helped maximise the effectivity of condemnable enforcement bureaus since Barlow did non restrict surprise reviews. The lone of import precaution that the Barlow determination offered employers was the protection against reviews conducted in bad religion or for intents of torment. There are some cases when an review requires no warrant. An article titled Warrantless OSHA Inspections by Mark E. Farrell gives an illustration of how this state of affairs can happen. Farrell summarizes the inside informations in Lakeland Enterprises of Rhinelander. Inc. v. Chao. 402 F. 3d 739 ( 7th Cir. 2005 ) . A cloaca and H2O contractor ( Lakeland ) in northern Wisconsin was executing digging work at an industrial park when an OSHA inspector. drive by on the public street. decided to halt and execute an ad-lib review. After walking past traffic cones that were barricading street traffic from the undertaking site. the inspector observed a Lakeland employee unearthing a trench with a backhoe while another employee worked at the underside of the trench. The trench was about 18 pess deep and six pess broad at the underside and did non incorporate a ladder or trench box . When the contractorââ¬â¢s undertaking overseer began discoursing with the OSHA inspector. the worker in the trench climbed up one of the walls to issue. which resulted in loose soil falling back into the trench. The employee executing the digging work admitted that he knew that the other worker was non supposed to be working in the trench and that he failed to take him ( Farrell ) . Occupational safety and health administration ended up issuing three commendations and assessed a $ 49. 000 civil punishment against the contractor. including a willful misdemeanor for allowing an employee to work in an unprotected trench ( in misdemeanor of 29 CFR à § 1926. 652 ( a ) . During the hearing. the contractor moved to suppress the grounds obtained from the inspection on the footing that the OSHA inspectorââ¬â¢s warrantless hunt of the digging site violated the Fourth Amendment . The administrative jurisprudence justice denied the gesture. happening that the contractor had no right of privateness at the digging site because the land was located on a public route. The administrative jurisprudence justice besides concluded that any Fourth Amendment claim was waived because the contractor failed to object to the review or inquire for a warrant at the site ( Farrell ) . It is of import to understand that no beforehand notice of a worksite review demands to be given. Unannounced reviews are an of import tool in OSHAââ¬â¢s mission to advance safe and healthful on the job conditions at all times. OSHA has come a long manner since 1970 to assist American go a safe topographic point to work particularly when compared to some parts of the universe. With a good budget and better Torahs there are fewer hurts every twelvemonth. OSHA genuinely is one of the administrative bureaus that exist for the bettering of the quality of life for the workers of our state. Plants Cited Farrell. Mark E. Warrantless OSHA Inspections Newsletter Article. Lorman Education Services ââ¬â Continuing Education Seminars. Web. 1 Mar. 2011. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. lorman. com/newsletters/article. php? article_id=346 A ; newsletter_id=73 A ; category_id=3 gt ; . Hall. Kermit L. Marshall v. Barlowââ¬â¢s Inc. The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. OSH Act. OSHA Standards. Inspections. Citations and Penalties. Occupational Safety and Health Administration ââ¬â Home. OSHA Office of Training and Education. May 1996. Web. 2 Mar. 2011. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. gov/doc/outreachtraining/htmlfiles/introsha. hypertext markup language gt ; . OSHA and the Fourth Amendment. AEI JOURNAL ON GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY ( 1978 ) : 6-7. AEI JOURNAL ON GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY. Web. United States of America. Department of Labor. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. Print United States of America. Department of Labor. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Inspections and Probes: Obtaining Warrants on an Ex Parte Basis and Prior to Attempting Entry. Bruce Hillenbrand Acting Director. Federal Compliance and State Programs. 26 Feb. 1981. Web. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp. show_document? p_table=DIRECTIVES A ; p_id=1863 gt ; . United States of America. Department of Labor. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. OSHA Frequently Asked Questions. Web. 1 Mar. 2011. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Occupational Safety and Health Administration. gov/OSHA_FAQs. hypertext markup language gt ; . Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-27815250940976367912020-02-23T17:27:00.001-08:002020-02-23T17:27:03.340-08:00Influence of Oil Price on Non-Oil Sector Stocks in Saudi Arabia Research PaperInfluence of Oil Price on Non-Oil Sector Stocks in Saudi Arabia - Research Paper Example The intention of this study is oil as one of the most important economic resources in worldââ¬â¢s economy today. Fluctuations and shocks in oil prices have been studied intensively by many leading economists and several theories in economics point to the impact of oil price changes in world economies. The context of oil is even more important in the Saudi Arabian economy as it is has one of the biggest reserves of oil (one-fifth of worldââ¬â¢s total) and is the second largest producer (behind Russia) of oil in the world. Saudi Arabia has proven oil reserves of 264.52 billion barrels of oil and was only recently surpassed by Venezuela who claimed their oil reserves had risen to 269.5 billion barrels of oil. In terms of oil production, Saudi Arabia has a quota allocation of just over 30% of production among Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) countries. The Saudi Arabian oil production in 2010 was 9.1 million barrels per day which accounted for 13% of worldâ â¬â¢s total oil production. Oil is also a major driver of economic activity in Saudi Arabia. Oil related activities accounted for 47% of the GDP in 2010, and petroleum products exports amounted to $193 billion and accounted for 84% (by value) of total exports in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, oil prices play an important role in the Saudi Arabian economy. However, from the perspective of an investor or an enterprise in Saudi Arabian market, it is also important to know whether oil prices have a major role to play in stock prices of non-oil sector companies too. If there is a high positive correlation between oil prices and non-oil sector stocks, an investor can used these stocks a hedge on their investments in oil. The outcome of this study could therefore be very useful for investors and enterprises already present or planning to enter the Saudi Arabian market. II. Literature Review Stock markets are largely dependent on economic activity in the country. In Saudi Arabia, as oil is a major component of the economy, stocks in Saudi Arabia are expected to indirectly depend largely on oil price movements. The influence of oil is however not limited to Saudi Arabia or other OPEC countries alone. Oil supply and price shocks have been a field of study for many economists globally. Therefore, a lot of research has been previously done on understanding the effect of oil prices on stocks. Where some studies have focussed on impact of oil price shocks on the stock market others have focussed on the general impact of oil prices on stocks. Most of thes e studies are focussed on the US market and there are only a few studies look into this aspect in Saudi Arabia. Because detailed study of oil shocks is out of scope of the current research, the literature review will focus only on studies that have been done on regular influence of oil prices on stock markets. Several studies have been done to understand the impact of oil prices on stock markets. Some of the notable ones among these are Sauter & Awerbuch (2003), Sari and Soytas (2006), Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-56979790617603098042020-02-07T10:14:00.001-08:002020-02-07T10:14:02.250-08:00A Study of Fashion Clothes Brand Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 wordsA Study of Fashion Clothes Brand - Essay Example The paper "A Study of Fashion Clothes Brand" analyzes the impact of peer pressures on brand choice between Chinese and UKââ¬â¢s young consumers. There have been instances where it has been noticed that peers influence young consumersââ¬â¢ behaviour. Fashion brands of clothes reflect a symbolic meaning. A young customer wearing a branded cloth is believed to belong to a rich family. They are seen as popular and are allowed to mingle with their peers. This implies that it also indirectly influences the business operations of the companies. Very few research works have been undertaken on this subject. All these constitute the rationale behind selecting this topic. China is considered as the largest consumer markets for clothing industry (Tai, 2005). However, the Chinese brands are still in its initial phase of making their fashion industry international. Menââ¬â¢s clothing is catching up with the international brands in the domestic market. Some famous brands are Shanshan, Bosi deng, Youngor, etc. However, their capacity of revenue earning is low compared to the international brands. Earlier the Chinese fashion industry was fragmented. In recent times, the retail market of China is characterised by the existence of ZARA, GAP, Jack and Jones, etc. Most of the casual wears are locally manufactured. UK market has always been up to date when it comes to fashion. It has been a fashion hub to many renowned international fashion brands from Armani, Gucci, Tommy Hilfiger to Burberry, Tiffany & Co.. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-70487679601344217202020-01-29T07:27:00.001-08:002020-01-29T07:27:04.506-08:00Victors and Victims Essay Example for Free Victors and Victims Essay ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠is an English short story written by Kate Chopin. Chopin was widely recognized as one of the leading writers of her time and she is now considered by some to have forerunner of feminist authors of the 20th century. The second short story entitled ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠which is written in Czechoslovakian language and translated in to English. Although it is anonymous, ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠is a very important short story and the fact that it remains indicates that it has affected many people at different times. The both short stories have two completely different structures. The writer of ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠used the expository method as the events starts from the very beginning, when the situation was stable and he introduces the characters, and then going up in the events. Opposite to ââ¬Å"The story of an Hourâ⬠, it begins in the middle of the events. Then we have flash-back technique through which we know of all the events that happen before. Look more:à the story of an hour literary analysis essay ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠and ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠are alike in that they both have women as protagonist and they both involve a husband and a wife. They show how marriage could be the end of a women life or a beginning. Also, they show how women differently deal with life. The great difference is due to the different time and culture. ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠which in Czechoslovakian culture proves women at that time were highly considered, appreciated, have rights. While, in ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠shows how women were deprived, denied, devoiced, they werenââ¬â¢t offered a lot of opportunities such as men and they didnââ¬â¢t inherit money as all the money they get goes to either their husbands or any male member in the family. ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠shows that marriage at that time was based on monetary comfort and social status. That leads to unhappy marriage and miserable life to the extent that a person might feel happy and free when his partner isà dead, as Mrs. Mallard felt when she heard that Mr. Mallard was dead. In ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠, marriage is based on dual love and womenââ¬â¢s desire is appreciated. We encounter two completely different women. The protagonist of ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠her name is Manka and the protagonist of ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠is Mrs. Mallard. They are different in many aspects even physically. The writer describes Mrs. Mallard as being afflicted with a heart trouble which shows that she is a sick and weak person, while Manka is young, clever and strong person. The title of Mrs. Mallard indicated that she was affiliated to her husband and she lost her identity. Her first name ââ¬Å"Louiseâ⬠is only mentioned after she heard of her husbandââ¬â¢s death and when she felt free. Opposite to ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠as Manka is called by her own name allover the story even after she was married. She is independent and wasnââ¬â¢t affiliated to either her father or her husband. Also, men characters in the two short stories are opposite. Men in ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠are represented by the burgomaster who is very young and not-experienced and the farmer. They are incapable of facing any challenge as the burgomaster canââ¬â¢t solve the problem of the farmer and the shepherd, so he put them a riddle which the farmer canââ¬â¢t solve. On the other hand, in ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠, we encounter Mr. Mallard who is completely opposite to the male characters in ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠as he was very domineering character. He has always made decisions for Louise and lived her life for her. Men in both short stories tried to bend their wivesââ¬â¢ will. In ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠, the burgomaster started his life with Manka Trying to force limitations on her cleverness which indicates that he was afraid of her cleverness and afraid it will highlight his being not-experienced. As well as ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠, it is obvious that Mr. Mallard was a domineering character and tried to bend louiseââ¬â¢ will. Womenââ¬â¢s response to their husbandââ¬â¢s control and domination differs in the two short stories. In ââ¬Å"Clever Mankaâ⬠, when Manka interferes in the burgomasterââ¬â¢s business, it was out of inner feeling of shame and injustice because of her husband decision. She couldnââ¬â¢t stand helpless when she realized how inexperienced he was. This means that the precondition he put for her couldnââ¬â¢t bend her will. That shows that Manka didnââ¬â¢t surrender despite of the precondition that might destroy her life. In ââ¬Å"The Story of an Hourâ⬠, Mrs. Mallard ability to resist the suppression practiced upon her was very little and short. She gave her husband the chance to have the upper hand in her life. The person is the one who decides whether he wants to live freely or not. If he wants to, he will not surrender to any person or under any condition. The pressure practicing on women would lead to one of two; either the woman will resist and become a victor, or easily surrender and become a victim. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-72415700972314302462020-01-21T03:51:00.001-08:002020-01-21T03:51:02.660-08:00Domestic Violence and Abuse in Australia :: Violence Against Women Essays Domestic violence is a significant social issue that has a major impact upon the health of women in society. Discuss this statement and identify the factors that may contribute to domestic violence. Domestic violence is known by many names including spouse abuse, domestic abuse, domestic assault, battering, partner abuse, marital strife, marital dispute, wife beating, marital discord, woman abuse, dysfunctional relationship, intimate fighting, male beating and so on. McCue (1995) maintains that it is commonly accepted by legal professionals as "the emotional, physical, psychological, or sexual abuse perpetrated against a person by that person's spouse, former spouse, partner, former partner or by the other parent of a minor child" (although several other forms of domestic violence have become increasingly apparent in today's society). Whatever name is used to refer to it, however, domestic violence is a very grave and difficult problem faced by Australian society. Although domestic violence can include the abuse of parents, children, siblings and other relatives, it predominantly involves violence against sexual partners with women being the most common victims and men being the 'aggressors' (Family Violence Professional Education Taskforce 1991). It is inadequate to view domestic violence as an aspect of the normal interpersonal conflict which takes place in most families. According to McCue (1995), many families experience conflict, but not all male members of families inevitably resort to violence. It is not the fact of family disputes or marital conflict that generate or characterize violence in the home. Violence occurs when one person assumes the right to dominate over the other and decides to use violence or abuse as a means of ensuring that domination (Family Violence Professional Education Taskforce 1991). Although all forms of domestic violence are pressing issues of equal importance, this essay is more specifically directed at spouse abuse and aims to delve deeper into the issue of domestic violence by examining its causes with respect to the socioeconomic status of the particular family and its effects upon women in Australian society. The FACS (Family and Community Services) booklet (1995), defines domestic violence as follows: 'when a woman suffers persistent physical, verbal, economic or social abuse from her partner with the result that she suffers a sustained emotional and, or psychological effect.' Domestic violence is the most common form of assault in Australia today. However, it remains a hidden problem because it occurs within the privacy of the home and those involved are usually reluctant to speak out (Healey 1993). Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-37813631068102340392020-01-13T00:15:00.001-08:002020-01-13T00:15:02.251-08:00Aproaches to learning â⬠Theories of learning styles and learning strategies EssayKolb (1984), in introducing the idea of the experiential learning cycle and of learning styles, defines learning as the process whereby ââ¬Å"knowledge is created through the transformation of expertiseâ⬠. He suggests that ideas are not fixed but are formed and modified through current and past experiences. His learning cycle consists of four stages; completing each stage is important to improve learning in the next stage : Active Experimentation (The learner actively uses the theories formed and also tries them in new situations. The latter takes him back to the start of the cycle. ) ââ¬â Concrete Experience (The learner is encouraged to become involved in new experiences. ) ââ¬â Reflective Observation (The learner reflect on his experience from different perspective. Enough time and supportive feedback is helpful in this stage. ) ââ¬â Abstract Conceptualisation (The learner forms ideas and logical theories. ) Of course, not everyone acts in the same way, some prefer considering all possible alternatives whilst others like trying out as much as possible. Hence, Kolb associated four learning styles with his learning cycle: the Converger, who applies ideas in a practical way, the Accommodator, who carries out plans and tasks involving him in new experiences, the Diverger, who has good imagination and ideas, and finally the Assimilator, who creates theoretical models. Kolb also points out that learning styles are not fixed personality traits but relatively stable patterns of behaviour. Based on Kolbââ¬â¢s model Honey and Mumford (1992) developed a similar model with new terms for Kolbââ¬â¢s learning preferences (Honey and Mumford terms in brackets): Active Experimentation (Activist) ââ¬â Concrete Experience (Pragmatist) ââ¬â Reflective Observation (Reflector) ââ¬â Abstract Conceptualisation (Theorist) According to Honey and Mumford four learning styles can be distinguished: the Activist, the Pragmatist, the Reflector, and the Theorist: Activistââ¬â¢s strengths: ââ¬â Acting quickly; interested in actually doing things ââ¬â Putting ideas into action Activistââ¬â¢s weaknesses ââ¬â Lack of planning and attention to detail ââ¬â Unlikely to consider many alternatives Pragmatistââ¬â¢s strengths ââ¬â Integrating theory and practice. ââ¬â Testing things out to get correct solutions Pragmatistââ¬â¢s weaknesses ââ¬â Lack of imagination ââ¬â Impatient ââ¬â Not interested in concepts and theories Reflectorââ¬â¢s strengths: ââ¬â Collecting data from variety of sources ââ¬â Reflecting on experiences Reflectorââ¬â¢s weaknesses: ââ¬â Needs a lot of time before he is able to start ââ¬â Dislike precise instructions Theoristââ¬â¢s strengths ââ¬â Creating theoretical models ââ¬â Paying attention to detail and systematic analysis Theoristââ¬â¢s weaknesses ââ¬â Overcautious ââ¬â Relies on logic and usually does not trust feelings ââ¬â Needs a stated purpose. Honey and Mumford developed a Learning Styles Questionnaire to be used as a checklist to identify oneââ¬â¢s learning preference. Kolb states the combination of all four learning forms produces the highest level of learning by allowing more powerful and adaptive forms of learning to emerge. But still, there is the danger of labelling people as ââ¬Ëtheoristsââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëpragmatistsââ¬â¢ although most people exhibit more than one strong preference. To overcome this problem other theorists, e. g. Schmeck (1988) and Entwistle (1998), use the expression ââ¬Ëlearning strategyââ¬â¢ which also includes personal traits. According to them people can not be labelled because they usually react flexibly on learning, depending on the expected outcome: A student may read a book about the British history because he is actually interested in or because he needs to read it to pass an exam. Either way involves learning, but in the second case the student is unlikely to take notes about facts he is interested in but those the tutor may ask. Bibliography: Bendrey, M. et al (1996), Accounting and Finance in Business. London: Continuum. Cottrell, S. (2003) The Study Skills Handbook. New York: Palgrave Macmillian. Entwistle, N. (1998) Styles of Learning and Teaching. London: David Fulton Publishers. Brown, R. and Hawksley, B. (1996) Learning skills, studying styles and profiling. Dinton: Mark Allen Publishing. Honey, P. and Mumford, A. (1992) The manual of learning styles, Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publications Ltd. Honey, P. and Mumford, A. (2000) The learning styles helperââ¬â¢s guide. Maidenhead: Peter Honey Publications Ltd. Kolb, D. A. (1984) Experiential learning: experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-34389419210838975732020-01-04T20:36:00.001-08:002020-01-04T20:36:03.609-08:00Archetypal Criticism In To Kill A Mockingbird Essay Literary criticism is informed, written analysis, evaluation of a work of literature based on literary theory. One literary theory is archetypal criticism which discusses reoccurring symbols, themes, and situations that operate on universal scales that are easily recognized and understandable by the reader. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee exhibits archetypal criticism. From the archetypes readers are able to understand the characters better and how their actions move the story along. Throughout the story, Harper Lee uses archetypes victim, mentor, and loss of innocence. The archetype victim is displayed in several characters. Tom Robinson is a victim of Maycombââ¬â¢s prejudice when he was killed by prison guards, ââ¬Å"They fired aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Scout and Jem have only heard rumors of Boo, prompting their curiosity to find out more, thus their actions lead to poking into Booââ¬â¢s life on his property. Boo was falsely accused of being a monster, stabbing his father with scissors, all of which were gossip that spread like facts. The children and Maycomb itself blames Boo and secludes him based on rumors not experience. All in all Tom Robinson, Jem, and Boo displayed the victim archetype. The mentor archetype is shown in several characters. Mrs. Dubose was a mentor to Scout and Jem, as explained by Atticus when he said, ââ¬Å"ââ¬Ë...I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. Itââ¬â¢s when you know youre licked before you begin but you begin anyway an d you see it through no matter whatââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (Lee 128). Mrs. Duboseââ¬â¢s fight against her addiction teaches them that they did not know the true story and pain she felt when she was still alive. By fighting that pain and slowly breaking from it, she showed courage, something that the kids needed later. She could have taken the easy way out but her will was strong and she dealt with it until she overcame it. This experience prepared the kids for the trial where they would face greater pain but would need the ability to remain resilient against attacks. Additionally, Aunt Alexandra was a mentor to Scout when Scout composed herself like a true lady, ââ¬Å"With my best company manners I asked her is sheShow MoreRelatedThe Ability Of A Classic Book879 Words à |à 4 Pagesparadigmatic or prominent, for instance, books like Pride and Prejudice, To Kill a Mockingbird, Of Mice and Men and so forth, are listed in a list of great books. Either through an imprimatur or a readerâ⠬â¢s opinion. Per Henrik Blidal, Casper Sylvest and Perter Wilson in ââ¬ËClassics of international Relations: Essays in criticism and appreciationââ¬â¢ they define a classic in five key ways; ââ¬Ëthe acknowledged or undisputed classicâ⬠, ââ¬Å"the archetypal classicâ⬠, ââ¬Å"the classic in the makingâ⬠,â⬠the overlooked classicâ⬠and Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-36490380052660768982019-12-27T17:02:00.001-08:002019-12-27T17:02:03.514-08:00Racism Racism And Racial Discrimination - 1425 Words Racism consists of ideologies and practices that seek to justify, or cause, the unequal distribution of privileges, rights or goods among different racial groups. Modern variants are often based in social perceptions of biological differences between peoples. These can take the form of social actions, practices or beliefs, or political systems that consider different races to be ranked as inherently superior or inferior to each other, based on presumed shared inheritable traits, abilities, or qualities. It may also hold that members of different races should be treated differently. Among the questions about how to define racism are the question of whether to include forms of discrimination that are unintentional, such as making assumptions about preferences or abilities of others based on racial stereotypes, whether to include symbolic or institutionalized forms of discrimination such as the circulation of ethnic stereotypes through the media, and whether to include the sociopolitical dynamics of social stratification that sometimes have a racial component. In sociology and psychology, some definitions include only consciously malignant forms of discrimination. Some definitions of racism also include discriminatory behaviors and beliefs based on cultural, national, ethnic, caste, or religious stereotypes. While race and ethnicity are considered to be separate phenomena in contemporary social science, the two terms have a long history of equivalence in popular usage and olderShow MoreRelatedRacism : Racism And Racial Discrimination1713 Words à |à 7 PagesRacism is defined as a belief or doctrine that inherent differences among the various human racial groups determine cultural or individual achievement, usually involving the idea that one s own race is superior and has the right to dominate others or that a particular racial group is inferior to the others (Olsen, 2014) While most white Americans acknowledge that racism is a problem in the United States, white people are half as likely as black people to see it as a major problem. Three out of fourRead MoreRacial Discrimination And Racism1760 Words à |à 8 PagesHistorian Robin DG Kelley once said, ââ¬Å"[Racism] is not how you look, it is how people assign meaning to how you lookâ⬠. In historian Kelleys interview, he direct ly touches upon discrimination as a concern society neglects to negotiate. Many individuals of color are perceived differently due to their pigment. Racism has been a growing concern in the United States for decades now, however, no significant progress is made by political officials in addressing it, making it a hotly debated, contagiousRead MoreRacial Discrimination : Racism And Discrimination1244 Words à |à 5 PagesRacial discrimination has been an ugly face lingering around for generations. It baffles me how it still exists today. Itââ¬â¢s interesting to me because how do you know who to discriminate against. What type of individual will promote such distasteful thoughts? Why is racial discrimination still relevant? I guess the real question will be is how to overcome racial discrimination. The beginning of racial discrimination stems from when the European settlers landed in America and conquered the NativeRead MoreRacial Racism And Racial Discrimination2091 Words à |à 9 Pages Abstract This paper will discuss the racial microaggression how it has influenced the United States in the past decade. Then, describe the racial microaggression influence that affects the individual view. Next describe the community-level influence, impact of racial microaggression, and racial stereotypes are a major problem in our society. Then, discuss the research on racial microaggression is it a social condition that can arise as a result of the conformityRead MoreRacism : Racial Discrimination And Injustice1257 Words à |à 6 Pagescreated what people now know of as racism. For centuries, racism has been a part of society, shaping the way humans view each other, but with the aid of Young Women s Christian Association (YWCA) - Stand Against Racism, racial discrimination and injustice can be eliminated. All across the United States, African Americans are faced with racial prejudice, a negative attitude towards a group of people based on race ââ¬â not on direct knowledge or experience. This kind of racial prejudice began in the 17thRead MoreRacism : Racial Discrimination And Prejudice1556 Words à |à 7 Pages Racism has become about only blacks and whites like those are the only races. I am also a Hispanic female, and I disagree that African-Americans and Americans should be the only ones in the media every time something happens. The quotes from the film were blasted all over the Internet. What about things happening with other races? We never think about major things like this. People act like racism only happens within these two races. We have other minorities and races, so should it be okay for everyoneRead MoreRacism : Racial Discrimination And Cultural Genocide1042 Words à |à 5 PagesFirst Nations people have suffered immensely through various bouts of gender discrimination and cultural genocide. If you take a look at the racism that these people face today itââ¬â¢s clear to see that the one underlying factor connecting all these events is racism. Whether it be through the Indian Act or the creation of residential schools, racism has been the driving force behind these horribl e events, and much of that racism has survived to get to this day and age. Both in the past and today peopleRead MoreRacism : Racism Or Racial Profiling923 Words à |à 4 PagesHistorically, racism has existed through out human history from 500- 1000 years. Racism is considered to be directed on the part of the Westerners towards the non westerners, such as the Asians, Africans and others. Racism however, is defined as hatred imposed from one person to another. Racism can also be that one particularly race is more superior than the other, or less human, due to the state of origin, colour of skin, language, ethnicity, gender, religious, and different biological characteristicsRead MoreEssay on Defining Racial Discrimination?775 Words à |à 4 PagesFor discrimination to occur both power and prejudice need to come together, forming barriers that oppress a person or group of people deemed inferior. Discrimination can be intentional or unintentional. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines racism, as the belief that race is the primary determinant of human tr aits and capacities, and produces an inherent superiority of a particular race. Racial discrimination refers to discriminatory actions based on race or skin color. Racial discrimination canRead MoreBlack And White Racism : Racism1189 Words à |à 5 PagesWhite Racism Introduction For a long time, racism has occurred as a controversial and hotly debated topic in the American society. Racism has infiltrated the way individuals behave, think, and act in different capacities. It is a grievous insult in referring somebody to as a ââ¬Ëracistââ¬â¢. Black Americans have accused whites, the nationââ¬â¢s ethnic majority for racism, whereas whites have also accused blacks of racism. Widespread uncertainty, disagreement, and confusion concerning the subject of racism have Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-71474530773987498072019-12-19T12:51:00.001-08:002019-12-19T12:51:04.056-08:00Essay on Anthony Burgess A Clockwork Orange - 1497 Words Anthony Burgess A Clockwork Orange Choice and free will are necessary to maintain humanity, both individually and communally; without them, man is no longer human but a ââ¬Å"clockwork orangeâ⬠, a mechanical toy, as demonstrated in Anthony Burgessââ¬â¢ novel, ââ¬Å"A Clockwork Orangeâ⬠. The choice between good and evil is a decision every man must make throughout his life in order to guide his actions and control his future. Forcing someone to be good is not as important as the act of someone choosing to be good. This element of choice, no matter what the outcome, displays manââ¬â¢s power as an individual. ââ¬Å"A Clockwork Orangeâ⬠starts with Alex posing the question: ââ¬Å"whatââ¬â¢s it going to be then, eh?â⬠. Burgess begins the story by demonstrating that Alexâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The government controls Alexââ¬â¢s free will by means of the Ludovico Technique, which makes Alex physically ill at the mere consideration of violent thoughts. When Alex is in the ââ¬Å"stajaâ⬠the Governor states that criminals ââ¬Å"can best be dealt with on a purely curative basis. Kill the criminal reflexâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ . The Governor does not understand that criminal intent is not an unrestrained reaction, but the result of autonomy. The voice of reason in the prison is the prison Chaplin who questions the ethics of interfering with Godââ¬â¢s gift of moral choice, ââ¬Å"goodness comes from withinâ⬠¦.goodness is something chosen. When a man cannot choose he ceases to be a manâ⬠. Again through one of his characters, Burgess is stating that inhibiting a pers onââ¬â¢s free will is more evil than a personââ¬â¢s ability to choose evil over good. If one cannot choose, one ceases to be human and is exactly like a machine controlled by the government. After Alex undergoes the Ludovico Technique, he stops asking ââ¬Å"whatââ¬â¢s it going to be then, eh?â⬠only to prove that Alex has lost his free will. Alexââ¬â¢s question that was so prominent disappears and the mere thought of violence makes him physically ill. Dr Branom explains the effects of the technique to Alex : ââ¬Å"you are being made sane, you are being made healthyâ⬠. The government and the doctors are convinced that they are making Alex ââ¬Å"saneâ⬠and ââ¬Å"healthyâ⬠. On the contrary, they are controlling his ability to have a choice in his actions. The doctors areShow MoreRelatedAnthony Burgess and A Clockwork Orange987 Words à |à 4 Pagesnothing you can do about it. Anthony Burgess created this world through his novel, A Clockwork Orange. Anthony Burgess was born in 1917 and died in 1963. A lot of social changes occurred during this period of time, such as: the roaring twenties, prohibition, the Great Depression, World War II, the fa ll of the Berlin Wall, and many more. Burgess not only lived through those changes, but also helped influences some social changes in literature and music. Anthony Burgess was a jack-of-all-trades throughoutRead MoreA Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess1960 Words à |à 8 PagesAnthony Burgessââ¬â¢s A Clockwork Orange has been placed under much scrutiny by literary critics and readers everywhere. Furthermore, this highly criticized novel contains a myriad of ways to engage with the work, whether it is from the psychological or ethical perspective. Through College Literature Journalââ¬â¢s article ââ¬Å"O My Brothersâ⬠, the unnamed author draws interesting connections between the main characterââ¬â¢s development and how pseudo-families and pseudo- self plays a part on this said developmentRead MoreA Clockwork Orange By Anthony Burgess1383 Words à |à 6 PagesFree Will in Humans In the novel, A Clockwork Orange, Anthony Burgess argues how free will is empowered by society and the government. Through the character Alex, the author is able to explicate his ideas of how the government strips Alexââ¬â¢s freewill while being in presence of violence in order to force him to be good. But is Alex still considered human without choice? Is goodness considered good when it is not chosen? People have the right to choose right from wrong on their own, just like AlexRead MoreA Clockwork Orange, by Anthony Burgess1034 Words à |à 5 PagesImagine having stolen, raped, and even murdered all at the age of 15. The new canon of dark literature and controversy has finally hit the stage. A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess written in 1962 could only be described in the old cockney expression ââ¬Å"queer as a clockwork orangeâ⬠. Meaning it is bizarre internally, but appears natural on the surface. The story begins with the protagonist and narrator Alex a 15-year-old boy, who sets the bar for the most cold-blooded and callous characters of literatureRead MoreA Clockwork Orange By Anthony Burgess1473 Words à |à 6 PagesLinking the fundamental conflict between individual identity and societal identity with musical imagery in the story ââ¬Å"A Clockwork Orangeâ⬠by Anthony Burgess, creates a lens through which one can recognize the tendency that violence can destroy an individualââ¬â¢s identity. The main protagonist and narrator of the story is Alex and although he associates violence with his own individual identity and sense of self, he consistently reveals the impossibility of remaining an individual in the face of group-orientedRead MoreA Clockwork Orange By Anthony Burgess2327 Words à |à 10 Pagesat the last round the bearded lips of God, to attempt to impose, I say, laws and conditions appropriate to a mechanical creation, against this I raise my sword-pen,â⬠Anthony Burgess in his novel ââ¬ËA Clockwork Orangeââ¬â¢ , which happens to be a scathing critique of totalitarian government, through the character of F. Alexander. Burgess is attempting to criticize the type of governments that try to limit the freedom of an individual through science and technology. To be more specific, the use of ââ¬ËLudovicoRead MoreA Clockwork Orange By Anthony Burgess2443 Words à |à 10 PagesIn A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess, Alex, the protagonist is a fifteen-year-old boy who commits ultra-violent acts out of pure pleasure. The allegory present throughout the novel shows that Alex is ruthless and does not feel pain when experiencing the deaths of others. Throughout the journey of a small portion of Alexââ¬â¢s life, vivid representations of settings are used to portray the dark deeds done by Alex and his friends. Burgess also uses distinct dialect to individualize Alex and his friendsRead MoreA Clockwork Orange By Anthony Burgess2415 Words à |à 10 PagesA Clockwork Orange, by Anthony Burgess, a s tory of a young troublemaker who rebels in every way possible against his societyââ¬â¢s norms. The main character, Alex progresses throughout the story learning how his actions affect his future. Along the way Alex conforms, or at least pretends to, whenever necessary to survive or to get his way. However, during his incarceration, he underwent a procedure that altered his ability to rebel. This made Alex realize there are other was to adapt and overcome besidesRead MoreA Clockwork Orange By Anthony Burgess1410 Words à |à 6 Pages Anthony Burgessââ¬â¢s A Clockwork Orange has long been regarded as one of the most difficult books to read, both due to its heavy use of made-up slang, and the overtly violent nature of the main character, Alex. When Stanley Kubrickââ¬â¢s version was produced in 1971, the movie earned an R or NC-17 rating, due to the sheer amount of violence. The subject matter of the movie was violence at itââ¬â¢s very nature. However, upon closer examination, there are many references to religion, Christianity in particularRead MoreAnalysis Of Anthony Burgess s A Clockwork Orange819 Words à |à 4 Pageshumans from machines. Anthony Burgess, author of A Clockwork Orange, believes this trait is a personââ¬â¢s freedom to make conscious decisions. By taking away a personââ¬â¢s ability to choose between doing the right thing or the wrong thing, you also take away what makes them human. A Clockwork Orange creates a world documenting the decay of a personââ¬â¢s will to live and the lo ss of their humanity when their freedom of choice is taken away. Alex, the protagonist of A Clockwork Orange, is a textbook example Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-15399635846621303842019-12-11T09:33:00.001-08:002019-12-11T09:33:05.536-08:00The Connection Between Ernest Hemingway And Nature free essay sample Essay, Research Paper Ignorance is bliss. True felicity lies in simpleness. We have all heard these expressions at one point or another in our lives. Apparently, the same held true for Ernest Hemingway, as he appears to hold taken them to bosom. Ernest Hemingway s perceptual experience of that which was beautiful was ever that which was simple. And what could perchance be any simpler than nature itself? It lacks the jumble and complexness of work forces and engineering ever chattering about and interrupting things. Nature is simple, violent, wild, and above all, pure. It can non be contaminated by the trickeries of adult male, for if it were, so it would discontinue being nature. That is another ground that I believe Hemingway was infatuated with it ; it can non be touched. It can non be tainted. To populate harmonizing to natural jurisprudence, this realease of the imaginativeness. In detecting truth we create beauty. We will write a custom essay sample on The Connection Between Ernest Hemingway And Nature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As I said before, Hemingway believed that nature was the ultimate. It was simple, it was beautiful, it was clean. It was flawlessness. For Hemingway, nature was good. It epitomized all that he stood for. Topographic points with the jumble of work forces constantly led to trouble and enduring or decease. Hemingway was truly large on simpleness in his plants. Everything was simple, from his manner, to his characters ( Internet Explorer: Catherine # 8211 ; simpleton if I of all time saw one ) . I think that he likened civilisation to a elephantine machine. The larger and more complex it got, the more things it did. However, when something gets larger and more complex, so that increases the opportunities and the countries that something can interrupt down. In A Farewell to Arms Hemingway said that the universe will interrupt you. It may non be today or tomorrow, but it will interrupt you, and if it can t interrupt you, so it will kill you. In any event, the universe ever wins, because it doesn t drama reasonably. Einstein said that, Not merely does God play dice ; but the dies are loaded. Not merely reasonably words, eh? It sums up how Hemingway felt about the universe. He knew that no affair how hard you fought, the universe would ever win in the terminal. But nature was a manner out. It wouldn t save you, but it could give you a approval ( or a expletive ) depending on how you look at it. It makes it so that you do non Have to believe. Of class you carry on idea procedures, but true deep idea is bound, gagged, and tied to a chair. You didn Ts have to believe about your inevitable loss or death. You could acquire off from it all, for a short piece at least ; in kernel, running, but non concealment. Besides, something that Hemingway used nature to cover with extensively was the ever-present nil. The nil is a derivative of the motion known as existential philosophy that developed after the first universe war. Many began to believe, after witnessing the range and horror of World War I, that life genuinely had no purpse to it. Nature was, for Hemingway and for Nick ( # 8221 ; In a Big Two Hearted River # 8221 ; ) a Clean, Illuminated Place ( The rubric of another of Hemingway # 8217 ; s lesser known plants, pardon the wordplay ) . A topographic point where you could acquire off from it all, where you wouldn Ts have to Think about your life. As many philosophers have said, this universe is a rough one. You have happiness or you don # 8217 ; t, you have friends and lovers or you don # 8217 ; t, you have money or you don # 8217 ; t, and for those people who don # 8217 ; T, there must be a topographic point where they can seek a false sense of comfort, like a quiet coffeehouse i n Spain. You will detect that I said false. Yes, it feels good while you are at that place, but when you walk out the door, or travel back place, a s you necessarily must, you face the nil once more. That being said, I think that Hemingway believed that nature is a truth. Well, more of a half-truth. Nature s simpleness allows it to be closer to the truth than one might really believe. In A Farewell to Arms 1 could ever trust on nature for penetration into the secret plan. The rain was ever a large index of how things were traveling. If you look, you will see that every individual clip something inordinately bad either happened or was traveling to go on, it was raining. Some have argued that rain is non a bad symbol in this book. I disagree. Rain was ever making something destructive in AFTA, either strike harding the foliages off of trees or making mud gangrenes for people who had to walk outside, or it was floging at people s faces. Besides, think realistically for a 2nd. Who likes being outside during a storm. I don t. Who would bask holding rain rain you and biting your face all the clip? And who could bury the chiropteran that paid Frederick and Catherine a visit? A chiropteran winging into thier room was surely non a good portents in any sense. Bats have been forerunners of day of reckoning in many civilizations, and I think that that peculiar component was incorporated into this narrative. Of class, nature is non limited to being a history of a decease foretold. It is something that one can touch. In A Farewell to Arms Hemingway attacked the ideals of award, heroism, trueness, and other like-minded things. These things, Hemingway argued, were nil. Honor is incapable of feeding your kids. Loyalty will non maintain your married woman warm while she waits in bed for you, fearing for your life every dark that you are contending the war. Hemingway put small stock in such things. Have you of all time seen a ball of heroism, or a spot of selflessness? No. His point was that if you stacked those things on a graduated table with the organic structures of all who had been killed in the war, it wouldn t even make a bloody dent in the tipping of the graduated tables. Nature, on the other manus, could be grasped and seen and tasted and felt. Nature was something TANGIBLE. It was existent. It was the stone that Hemingway could sit on and it was an ground tackle for Nick s psyche in A Big Two-Hearted River. Possibly that was why it was a clean illuminated topographic point for Hemingway. Work forces have ever strived for calling things. Labeling them so that they think they have control of things. However, I think that this is merely a screen for things that they don t want to see. Someone one time said, In detecting the truth, we create beauty. I explained one reading of that line. However, I think that there is a dual significance to it. It deals with the Nothing. When we realize what it is, we create beauty so that we don t have to see what s genuinely at that place. Nature is alot. Alot of something. But can t somthing besides be nil? I think so. When one genuinely thinks about it, certain nature is pullulating with life, but what is it beyond that. Wide unfastened infinites. Vast, empty countries. It s a whole batch of nil. Nature is so peaceable because you are so near to the Nothing when you immerse yourself in it. I think that adult male is unable to get by with that, and so we have labelled nature to be beautiful. We call it a clean illuminated topographic p oint, that last barrier against the nil. It s non our best defence against it, you understand. It is simply the concluding 1. In many books ( Heart of Darkness, for illustration ) what was genuinely found at the bosom of nature? Nothing. Sometimes the best topographic point to conceal is right out in the unfastened. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-35790470069610800692019-12-03T21:15:00.001-08:002019-12-03T21:15:02.744-08:00The Arctic Essays - Arctic, Artic, Pollution, Lichen, Sea The Arctic The Artic Introduction. The Artic is a region at the upper most tip of the Northern Hemisphere. The Artic includes the area around Greenland, USSR, Canada and Alaska. Much of the Artic circle is permanently frozen ice. The Artic is a pristine environment, clean and void of human interference. However as humans move into these areas and begin to extract what ever they can be balance can be tipped, resulting in pollution and destruction of the environment. Climate. The Artic winters much longer than the Summer. In the winter the sun never rises and in the summer it never sets. The average temperature for the Artic is zero degrees of less. Industry and the Artic. There was once a time when the land of the Artic Circle was considered useless and only hospitable to those native to it. However once vast quantities of oil and fish had been found there was a rush of interest in the land. Fishing in the Artic has occurred for thousands of years but in recent years man has been fishing the Artic; in greater numbers and taking more fish. Professional fishermen are taking all kinds of fish as well as whales and seals. In some areas fishermen have become so efficient at their job that quotas have needed to be put on to limit or stop the capture of certain animals. There are many mineral deposits within the Artic Circle. In Russia: nickel, iron ore, apatite, diamonds, gold, tin, coal, mica, and tungsten. In Sweden: iron ore. In Greenland: lead, zinc, molybdenum and cryolite. Spitsbergen: coal. Canada: uranium, copper, nickel, lead, zinc, tungsten and iron ore. The digging out of minerals would inevitably disturb the natural habitat as well as the environment there would be a great cost to maintain the site. Industry that is designed to process various minerals have waste products that would be most unwelcome in the Artic. A good example of this is the pollution that has arisen as a result of the smelting of metals in the Artic. It is for this reason that there is very little industry in the Artic. However Russia, Canada, Greenland and Iceland have several small scale manufacturing plants. The largest industry in the Artic is oil. The rush began in 1968 when a large oil field was discovered, there was a great deal of protest but the development went ahead. Oil extracted from the felid makes its way to Port Valdez via a 1300 kilometre pipeline. Although steps were taken to limit the pipelines affect on the environment it still disrupts the migration of caribou. In 1989 the unthinkable happened and the super tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground spilling millions of gallons of crude oil into the Prince William Sound. The effects of the slick were devastating. Within a week workers counted 24000 dead sea birds and 1000 sea otters. The effects of the slick were felt throughout the food chain from photoplankton to bears. The Exxon company funded the clean up but there was no compensation for the hundreds of people that lost their job as a result of the slick. Pollution of the Artic A large threat to the Artic is transboundry pollution and bioaccumulation. These are both complex subjects but are easily explained. Transboundry pollution is the pollution of the Artic from other countries. The ocean currents and wind conditions result in large amounts of pollution being deposited in the Artic. In winter when the sun is low thick blankets of haze can be seen over the Artic. Bioaccumulation is the process where pollutants build up in the Artic because they cannot be broken down due to the extreme cold. Once harsh chemicals find their way into the food chain they stay there forever, trapped in the animals and sediments. A result of increased pollutants in the atmosphere is the occurrence of acid rain. Sulphur and Nitrogen dioxides drift from developed countries and when they mix with water in the atmosphere they can produce acid rain as strong as lemon juice. The acid snow melts in summer and spring producing an acid shock that can kill animals and plants alike. In 1986 the nuclear reactor in Chernoybl exploded sending a nuclear cloud into the atmosphere that among other places contaminated plants and animals in the Artic region. Particularly affected were lichens, lichens are a plant that makes up the majority of a reindeers' diet. When the reindeers ate the lichens they became radioactive and many thousands had to be shot. Tourism vs conservation. In the battle between tourism and conservation, tourism seems to always win. However in the Artic tourism has so far had little effect (compared to other human activity) on the Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-88104274997157491332019-11-27T19:17:00.001-08:002019-11-27T19:17:04.336-08:00Linking vision and change Essay ExampleLinking vision and change Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Linking vision and change specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Linking vision and change specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Linking vision and change specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Linking Vision and Change For success to be achieved in the change program of an organization, several factors of management should be considered. This consideration is vital for it recognizes all the aspects in management thus bringing a solution on the individual factors that have been affected by the change. Management comprises of the activities, which ensure that resources are utilized well in order to bring the desired output in an organization. For the management to realize effective good change in any program, ââ¬Å"it should focus on the areas that are commonly functional in the organizationâ⬠(Palmer, Richard, and Gib 347). Vision is one important element of change in an organization that enables the ability of keeping the life of the objectives of the business. The vision should be well explained in the organization through offering detailed information to the organization. It is important to pass the vision to the employees correctly thus influencing them and showing them the benefits that will be realized when the vision is accomplished. The vision incorporates the goals of the organization. In the setting of these goals, the organization should involve the shareholders and other interested parties thus by engaging them, it offers them a role in the long-run accomplishment of the goal. The effort that is applied in realizing the goals should be directly concentrated on the important issues. The goals should be related to the strategic plans of the organization hence linking of ideas in the business. In addition, the effort should be measurable in order to apply the same details in the future. Through this procedure, the management is able to establish continual success in the goalsââ¬â¢ accomplishment. Engagement of all parties is another key to success in achieving change in any program. This caters for the consideration of the top position and the hierarchy of leadership in the organization. Performance in any organization depends on the relationship that exists between the concerned parties and the management. This is because, if there is any disagreement, then nothing will be accomplished due to the conflict of ideas. Therefore, there should be cohesion in the organization in order to foster the change that is required in the organization. In this case, the leader should be influential in such a way that he or she has the ability to engage all the employees in the decision making process. The corporate decision-making is important for it provides evaluation of many decisions hence coming up with the best decision. The mutual concession in decision-making is important for it enables the unity in achieving the common goal. In addition, for a program change to be achieved, the wor kers should be motivated through either incentives or appraisal in their positions (Palmer, Richard, and Gib 352). Definite roles should be assigned to the parties involved in the revolution program in order to achieve the desired change. This is done with the effect of making each party responsible in the task that each is assigned to do. In the midst of executing these tasks, the concept of division and specialization of labor is important to facilitate efficient and quality success. It also entails the use of talents that are applied by the employees in the areas they are best in performing. In this case, the role of each party is recognized and appreciated thus becoming a motivating factor in the process of bringing change in the program. It is also significant to allow the parties involved to exercise their competency in performance when they are assigned a particular role to play in the organization. Training is another requirement for bringing change in the business program. This involves organizing seminars that are headed by outstanding qualified persons who enable passing of proficient knowledge to the employees. Training is vital for it facilitates information on the current trends in the management. Consequently, the changing technology has brought many changes in business administration through affecting the methods of management. Therefore, training is significant in enabling the employees to adjust to the modern way of management and in business transactions. Thus, the change in the organization is achieved when people are trained on the changes that have been implemented. For a successful change of program in the business to be achieved, the roles of management should be applied. Setting of achievable goals is a vital factor in facilitating change because once the goal is achieved, the change occurs. Involving all the parties interested in the decision-making is important for it facilitates the selection of good decisions and solutions in the business organization. In addition, training plays an important role in ensuring proper business ethics are passed efficiently and the emerging trends in the business are adopted. Works Cited Palmer, Ian, Richard Dunford and Gib Akin. Managing Organizational Change: A Multiple Perspectives Approach. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2009. Print. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-33046844774296541432019-11-24T02:52:00.001-08:002019-11-24T02:52:04.485-08:00Fasting during RamadanFasting during Ramadan Free Online Research Papers Ramadan a important holiday for Muslims all around the world. During the month of Ramadan Muslims fast every day from dawn to sunset. Muslims have to stop eating and drinking before the call for prayer starts until the fourth prayer of the day. Muslims break their fast at sunset prayer time with a meal called Iftar. After sunset Muslims can continue to eat till the next morning after that the process starts all over. Ramadan is a time of reflecting and worshipping Allah. All Muslims are expected to put effort into following the teachings of Islam and to avoid obscene and irreligious sights and sounds. The fast is meant to be a way of exacting a act of deep personal worship in which Muslims seek a raised awareness of closeness to Allah. This act of fasting is said to redirect the mind and heart from worldly activities. This act of deep personal worship is to cleanse the inner soul and free it from harm. It also allows Muslims to practice self discipline, self control, sacrifice, and empathy for those who are less fortunate. During Ramadan it is very common for Muslims to go to the Mosque and spend several hours praying and studying the Quran. In addition to the five daily prayers during Ramadan Muslims recite a special prayer called the Taraweeh or night prayer. The length of this prayer is 2-3 times as long as the daily prayers, some Muslims even spend the entire night in prayer. Muslims should start observing the fasting ritual upon reaching adolescence, so long as they are healthy, sane, and have no disabilities or illnesses. The elderly, the chronically ill, and mentally ill are exempted from fasting, but the first two groups must feed the poor in place of their missed fasting. During Ramadan Muslims ask forgiveness for past sins, pray for guidance and help in staying away from everyday evils, and try to purify themselves through self restraint and good deeds. The dates of Ramadan vary moving forward about ten days each year as it is a moving holiday. Ramadan is also a time when Muslims are to slow their from their worldly affairs and focus on self reformation. This is to establish a link between Allah and themselves through prayer, supplication, charity, good deeds, kindness and helping others. Since it is a festival of giving and sharing Muslims prepare special foods and buy gifts for their friends and family and for giving the poor and needy who cannot afford it. In many Muslim and non Muslim countries with large Muslim population markets close down in the evening to enable people to perform prayers and consume the Iftar meal. These markets re open and stay open for a good part of the night. Muslims can be seen eating, shopping, and spending time with their friends and family during the evening hours. After the month of Ramadan has passed Muslims are encouraged to fast for another six days When fasting is over Muslims go to mosques in nice cloths and pray to Allah and thank him for what Allah has given them. Research Papers on Fasting during RamadanThe Hockey GameNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceDefinition of Export QuotasThe Spring and AutumnThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Project Managment Office SystemThe Masque of the Red Death Room meanings Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-52359790826870327382019-11-21T06:25:00.001-08:002019-11-21T06:25:13.673-08:00Set of Codes and Ethics in the Profession AssignmentSet of Codes and Ethics in the Profession - Assignment Example There is also a notion that ethics evolve over time with respect to the problems that professionals face and with the establishment of ethics there is a promotion of confidence in the profession. In its Code of Ethics the American College of Nurse-Midwives it is states that ââ¬Å"midwives support and maintain the integrity of the profession of midwifery and thus contribute to a profession worthy of being considered by society as a public goodâ⬠(Midwife). Ethics can also help to solve any price stated ethical or moral dilemma that one might face (Husted and Husted, 2008). As a professional in the field of midwifery there have been moments where there is a certain ethical/legal situation that one comes across and does not know how to deal with (Frith and Draper, 2004). At times patients divulge certain facts about their lives and health that, they wish others not to know and expect that they be kept a secret from others. Such facts may well be of such a nature that it becomes di fficult not to discuss them with others for the fear of the safety of the patient. A situation similar to what I was confronted with when a 28 year old Russian woman in her twelfth week of pregnancy came for her booking appointment. A registered midwife was supervising the booking which I was doing at that particular time. was Once the booking had begun the midwife told me that she had to step out of the room for some time and told me to carry on with my work. Once the midwife had left the room the woman who had come in started to disclose to me that she was a victim of domestic abuse at the hands of the man who was now her ex. The woman had told me this information in confidence and requested that I keep it as such and not tell anyone else what she had told me, especially not the midwife. She even requested that I not make a note of it anywhere in the documents. I tried to make her understand that though I would keep the conversation between us a secret, I still needed to inform my superior of the facts upon which she begged me not to. I was in the process of asking her questions about whether she felt safe when the midwife returned to the room and the conversation ceased and I resumed the booking. During the time the woman remained in the room I said nothing to the midwife about the disclosure of domestic violence that the woman had made. Once the woman took her leave I told the midwife what the woman had told me upon which she said to leave the matter the way it was for now. I had concerns about the situation the woman was in and it seemed to me that there should have been a referral and support given to her. I was trying to support the woman into getting herself some support and perhaps break free from the violence that she was in. by telling my supervising midwife I was hoping that something would be done to help the situation the young woman was living in or she would be shown other routes that would help her cause. Nothing was done for her who made it d ifficult for me as I had thought otherwise. It is not clear what the consequences of the decision to sit by and do nothing were that day but they may not have been well received.à Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-89312732305883886812019-11-20T06:40:00.001-08:002019-11-20T06:40:08.426-08:00Evaluating Vodafone's competitive position EssayEvaluating Vodafone's competitive position - Essay Example In the United States, Vodafone owns majority control of the company Verizon Wireless giving them exposure to a wide range of competitors and customers. Vodafone also strives to acquire new markets and technology to offer the best to their customers. "We are reflecting the different approaches that will be required to continue to succeed, both in terms of our existing operations and in capturing new revenue streams for the future," said Vodafone chief executive Arun Sarin (BBC News April, 2006) With Vodafone companies spanning the globe, Vodafone has the ability to "respond to changing market conditions and seize opportunities," as they become available. (Gartner, May 2006)Vodafone is capable of wholesale buying around the world. This had the added advantage of setting global trends convincing buyers of the stronghold that exists within the company. In addition, a higher profit margin can be achieved when offering innovative service. Through cost leadership, Vodafone has restructured its leadership team in order to lower costs and integrate new technology. In April, Vodafone sold its deteriorating Japanese affiliate and made the president, Jim Morrow head of the new European market. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-45290704311530864022019-11-17T19:41:00.001-08:002019-11-17T19:41:03.470-08:00What are the Impediments to Restoring Peace in Post-Saddam Iraq Term PaperWhat are the Impediments to Restoring Peace in Post-Saddam Iraq - Term Paper Example In and after several stages over the next 12 years or so, Iraq attained its independence in the year 1932. Iraq was proclaimed as a republic in the year 1958, but in actual a series of military strongmen ruled the country until 2003. The last one known of them was Saddam Hussain. Iraq also had territorial disputes with Iran that led to an inconclusive and costly war for almost an entire decade from the year 1980 to 1988). In the year August 1990, Iraq captured Kuwait with the sole reason of capturing the major chunk of oil trade in the Middle East but was later on expelled by the US-led, UN coalition forces during the Gulf War that happened during January-February 1991. It followed in the liberation of Kuwait, the UN Security Council (UNSC) put stringent conditions on Iraq to scrap all its weapons of mass destruction and long-range missiles. (Tripp) The UNSC also pressurized Iraq to allow UN verification inspectors to inspect it's suspected nuclear facilities and centers for making of weapons of mass-destruction like biological weapons. Iraq didn't cede to and complied with the UNSC resolutions over a period of 12 years that in turn led to the US-led invasion of Iraq in the year March 2003 and the permanent ouster of the Saddam Hussain regime from Iraq. Under a UNSC mandate, the coalition forces are keeping a vigil in Iraq trying to keep the democracy alive and helping to provide security to the common people and to support the freely elected democratic government. (Frontline) Iraq's economy is dominated by the oil sector, which has traditionally provided about 95% of foreign exchange earnings. Although looting, insurgent attacks, and sabotage have undermined economy-rebuilding efforts, economic activity is beginning to pick up in areas recently secured by the US military surge. Oil exports are around levels seen before Operation Iraqi Freedom, and total government revenues have benefited from high oil prices. (CIA The World Fact Book, Iraq)It is true that there has been a lot of rebuilding effort in Iraq with the intervention and aid of quite a few International Institutions and Countries and Iraq has made some progress to rebuild the institutions that it needs to implement and reap the rewards of the new economic policy. In this direction, Iraq has also negotiated an agreement for the reduction of debt with the Paris Club and also a new Stand-By Arrangement with the IMF. Iraq has also received pledges for $13.5 billion in foreign aid for the period span ning 2004-07 from outside of the US, and also more than $33 billion in total pledges from all the aid givers. An understanding was reached with the current regime in Iraq in May 2007 to integrate Iraq into the regional and global economy without any apparent prejudices. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-206103445683051300.post-64989898367696404872019-11-15T08:12:00.001-08:002019-11-15T08:12:14.420-08:00The Impact Of Sea Level RiseThe Impact Of Sea Level Rise With the rapid growth of knowledge in climate change, especially in sea level rise, its science and impacts, it is hardly surprising that the relationship between sea level rise and its impact on our environment, policies and building practices have attracted considerable attention in recent years. The policymakers, authorities and governing bodies acknowledge that increased sea levels will have significant medium to long-term social, economic and environmental impacts. In an attempt to provide an integrated view of climate change, Synthesis Report (IPCC, 2007) is produced which summarises observed changes in climate and their effects on natural and human systems, regardless of their causes, assesses the causes of the observed changes, presents projections of future climate change and related impacts under different scenarios. Further report discusses adaptation and mitigation options over the next few decades and their interactions with sustainable development, assesses the relation ship between adaptation and mitigation on a more conceptual basis and takes a longer-term perspective. Science of sea level rise From geological perspective, evidence show that the Earths climate has changed through the Earths geological history, spanning more than 3 billion years. From the abundant literature on the sea level rise, it has been observed that ocean levels have always fluctuated with changes in global temperatures, supported by different studies. During ice ages when the earth was 5à °C colder than today; the sea level often was more than 100 meters below the present level (Dony et al., 1962; Kennet, 1982; Oldale, 1985). The sea level was approximately 20 feet higher than the current sea level in last interglacial period when the average temperature was about 1à °C warmer than today (Mercer, 1968). Today, no fewer than 13 studies of global-mean sea level (MSL) change over various periods during the last 100 years concluded that MSL has been rising (IPCC, 1990, Ch. 9, Table 9.1 pp. 263). It appears that two primary processes contribute to sea level rise (SLR): thermal expansion of the oceans an d the loss of land-based ice due to increased melting (Bindoff et al., 2007). Global average sea level has risen since 1961 at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm/yr and since 1993 at 3.1 [2.4 to 3.8] mm/yr, with contributions from thermal expansion, melting glaciers and ice caps, and the polar ice sheets (IPCC, 2007). However, whether the faster rate for 1993 to 2003 reflects decadal variation or an increase in the longer-term trend is unclear (IPCC, 2007). According to IPCC (2007) special report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario, the steric sea level changes relative to the global mean (the local part) in different ocean basins are attributed to differential heating and salinity changes of various ocean layers and associated physical processes. As a result of these changes, water tends to move from the ocean interior to continental shelves (Yin et al., 2010) Impacts of sea level rise on environment Sea level rise (SLR) has direct impact on environment. Increase in temperatures at global level as well as regional level has affected many marine systems (IPPC Report, 1997). A rise in sea level would inundate wetlands and lowlands, accelerate coastal erosion, exacerbate coastal flooding, threaten coastal structures, raise water tables, and increase the salinity of rivers, bays and aquifers (Barth and Titus, 1984). The literature confirms that indirect effects of sea level rise, as well as the potential impact of extreme events, may be more significant than direct effects in the future. Regarding human settlements, Scott (1996) expresses the view that the impacts of sea-level rise and extreme events are likely to be experienced indirectly through effects on other sectors for instance changes in water supply, agricultural productivity (Brinkman, 1995) and human migration. In addition to that, intensity and frequency change will be associated with oceans (Venugopalan, 1996; Nicholls et al, 1996), which will ultimately play a dominant part in the internal dynamics of human demography. Literature also explains the severity of global warming leading to sea level rise. Two global coupled climate models show that even if the concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere had been stabilized in the year 2000, we are already committed to further global warming of about another half degree and an additional 320% sea level rise caused by thermal expansion by the end of the 21st century. Projected weakening of the meridional overturning circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean does not lead to a net cooling in Europe. At any given point in time, even if concentrations are stabilized, there is a commitment to future climate changes that will be greater than those we have already observed (Meehl, et al., 2005). Many terrestrial, freshwater, and marine systems are already being affected by regional increases in temperatures (IPCC, 2007). The most rapid changes have been seen in parts of the Polar Regions where 2-3à °C increases in temperature have occurred in the last 50 years. Concomitant changes in precipitation, ocean biogeochemistry, sea level, and extreme weather events are generating global concerns about the most effective strategies for conserving biological diversity as climate changes. Further concerns that societies may not be able to stabilize greenhouse gases at a level that will result in only a 2à °C increase in global temperatures above preindustrial levels (Anderson Bows 2008) are leading to a growing realization that governments should develop contingency plans for 4à °C increases in temperature. Biological diversity at all levels of organization is affected directly and indirectly by climate change and by adaptation and mitigation measures. Although the SLR pattern is very important, it suffers from an insufficient amount of study to date and was simply attributed to natural geological processes. With the recent progress in this field (Gregory et al. 2001; Levermann et al. 2005; Landerer et al. 2007) a better understanding of the SLR patterns in past, present, and future climates, and their underlying mechanisms, have been identified (Yin, et al., 2010). The acceleration is distinct from decadal variations in global sea level that have been reported in previous studies. Increased rates in the tropical and southern oceans primarily account for the acceleration. The timing of the global acceleration corresponds to similar sea level trend changes associated with upper ocean heat content and ice melt (Merrifield, et al., 2009). Impacts of sea level rise on policies The release of IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR) motivated researchers to expand the ranges of approaches and methods in use, and of the characterisations of future conditions required by those methods to undertake informed decision making in an environment of uncertainty through assessments of climate change impacts, adaptation and vulnerability (CCIAV) (Carter et al., 2007). Their range of application in assessments has since been significantly expanded and aims to understand and manage as much of the full range of uncertainty, extending from emissions through to vulnerability (Ahmad et al., 2001). The most commonly used standard assessment approach such as impact approach aims to evaluate the likely impacts of climate change under a given scenario and to assess the need for adaptation and/or mitigation to reduce any resulting vulnerability to climate risks (Carter et al., 2007). However, other approaches such as adaptation and vulnerability- based approaches, integrated assessme nt and risk management are increasingly being incorporated into mainstream approaches to decision-making, resulting into incorporation of wider objectives such as stakeholder involvement, capacity-building, prioritisation and costing of adaptation measures, interrelationships between vulnerability and adaptation assessments and to integrate national development priorities and adaptation options into existing or future sustainable development plans (SBI, 2001; COP, 2005). While, based upon research, the common response to sea level rise is to understand impacts and relate them to the categories of future characterisations which should be comprehensive, capable to capture the various aspects of the socio-economic/biophysical system it aims to represent and would indicate details with which any single element is characterised. From many characterisations of the future, most commonly used in CCIAV and other studies was found to be Scenarios and Projection. A scenario is a coherent, internally consistent, and plausible description of a possible future state of the world (Nakicenovic et al., 2000; Raskin et al., 2005). Scenarios are not predictions or forecasts, but are alternative images without ascribed likelihoods of how the future might unfold. They may be qualitative, quantitative, or both. An overarching logic often related several components of a scenario (Carter et al., 2007). Currently, two basic approaches are used to support climate adaptation p olicy on a regional and local scale, the predictive top-down approach and the resilience bottom-up approach (Dessai and Sluijs, 2008). Further studying the adaptation-based approaches risk management and integrated assessment approaches are found to be effective. Risk management examines the adaptive capacity and adaptation measures required to improve the resilience or robustness of a system exposed to climate change (Smit and Wandel, 2006). Risk-management approach can also be linked directly to mitigation analysis (Nakicenovic et al., 2007). Over the past 15-20 years, the scientific assessment of climate change impacts has improved considerable with regard to incorporating the human dimensions (e.g., IPCC, 1997; IPCC 2001a; NRC, 1999; Rayner and Malone, 1998; Wynne, 1987). At the same time, as mentioned in Moser (2005), various 23 studies support the fact, attention to the uncertainties, unknowns, and potential surprises in the science of climate change and in impact assessments have grown considerably. Moser, S (2005) emphasis the need of assessments to be taken seriously embedded with local realities and constraints to affect individual decision-makers and communal responses to climate change. Moser (2005) is an excellent study aimed at understanding coastal zone policies and their histories, the challenges and realities of costal policy-making and management, perceptions and understanding of climate change driven sea-level rise and coastal impacts. In other studies, Nicholls and Tol (2006) explored the potential impacts of sea-level rise using complementary impact and economic analysis methods at the global scale. In all future scenarios such as emission scenarios and socio-economic scenarios, they found that the exposure and hence the impact potential due to increased flooding by sea-level rise increases significantly compared to the base year (1990). The most vulnerable future worlds to sea-level rise appear to be which reflects differences in the socio-economic situation, rather than the magnitude of sea-level rise. However, future worlds which experience larger rises in sea-level than considered now, more extreme events, a reactive rather than proactive approach to adaptation, where GDP growth is slower or more unequal than, in the future remains a concern. As climate change threatens to cause the largest refugee crisis in human history (Biermann and Boas, 2010), the situation calls for new governance for the protection and voluntary resettlement of climate refugees-defined as people who have to leave their habitats because of sudden or gradual alterations in their natural environment related to one of three impacts of climate change: sea level rise, extreme weather events, and drought and water scarcity. Despite the threat of rising sea levels, the drive to develop Floridas coastline continues, reported by Mark Schrope, 2010. In his report, he refers to the retreat from submerging lands was relatively uncomplicated with low numbers and a simple lifestyle about 8,000 years ago when there were Native Americans living on land that now lies beneath the Gulf of Mexico (Balsillie et. al., 2004). Further he adds, that vulnerability, combined with its highly concentrated costal population, means that Florida will be a case study for other states and the world for in case of what would happen if you dont prepare for sea level, especially in lack of legislative and public attention to the issues. Impact of sea level rise on building practices Anticipated climate changes will greatly amplify risks to coastal populations. Globally, approximately 400 people live within 20 m of sea level and within 20 km of a coast (Small et al., 2000). By the end of the century, increases in SLR of two to five times the present rates could lead to inundation of low-lying coastal regions, more frequent flooding episodes, and worsening beach erosion (IPCC, 1996a and IPCC, 1996b). Many developed nations have experienced a four-decade rush to the shore, with concomitant beachfront development and exponentially increasing total values for beachfront real estate, infrastructure and buildings and that this unprecedented accelerating coastal development has unfortunately coincided with a century of accelerating global sea level rise means that the prediction of the future rate of shoreline retreat has become a major societal priority (Pilkey and Cooper, 2004). Highly developed coastlines with a large population and considerable private property and infrastructure are potentially at risk from inundation and flooding as well illustrated by three urban case study sites, lower Manhattan, Coney Island, and Rockaway Beach, in Gornitz et al. (2001) study. The greater frequency of severe flooding episodes may lead to abandonment of lower floors, as in Venice, or ultimately of entire buildings Gornitz et al. (2001). Thus zoning and land use policies would need to be established to enable an orderly and equitable pullback from the most vulnerable areas. This could be accomplished by a number of mechanisms such as designation of construction setback lines, removal of buildings or hard structures in imminent danger of collapse and acquisition of empty inland space so that beaches and wetland could be rolled out. To support dense local populations in low-lying sectors of Bangkok, structural measures that have already been undertaken to reduce the rates of coastal erosion which includes building storage dams, constructing barrages, divertin g channels and dykes, as well as planning future measures such as the development of pumping stations (Vitoolpanyakij, 2009). The implementation of improved warning and forecasting methods and the adoption of some land-use planning measures would reduce both current and future vulnerability such as altering the design standard of a physical defence such as realigned channel or a defence wall, altering the effectiveness of building codes based on designing against specified return period events, altering the area exposed to a potential hazard, and/or introducing hazards previously not experienced in an area (Yohe, 2007). Conclusion The issue of global sea level rise has aroused much interest because of its great practical and scientific importance, especially its major impact on most coastal regions. Bird (1993), Warrick et al. (1993) and Nichollas and Leatherman (1994) have well documented serious consequences of even a few mm/yr increase of sea level. Moreover, sea level rise is a unique indicator of global climate change, potentially providing a means for evaluating climate models via their hindcasts and forecasts (Douglas, 1997). Most literature calls for further research and rightly mentioned by Titus (1989) demands better estimates of future sea level rise, improved assessments of the impacts of global warming on coastal environments, improved ocean modelling that will be necessary for better projections of surface air temperatures which would require a substantial increase in the resources allocated for monitoring and modelling local, regional and global climate change. Other climatic variables such as winds, waves and storms should also be taken in consideration and sea-level rise should not be considered in isolation. Lorahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00179467945039441059noreply@blogger.com0